Abbey Strand in Edinburgh is the short road to the gates of Holyrood House known as the Palace of Holyrood. Holyrood Abbey now ruins is one of the oldest Abbeys in Scotland (10th century). See the royal graves in the grounds. Abbey Strand Royal Mile Attractions Edinburgh Royal Mile Abbey Strand Edinburgh is the small area around the Palace of Holyrood House which was built circa 1480 leading up to the Palace gates. The brass letter S’s in the cobbles that can be found across the start on the Abbey Strand were boundary markers of a sanctuary, which is five miles in circumference and takes in Holyrood Park. The Sanctuary was a safe place for people that were running away from creditors to live. The building that is now used as a gift shop was once homes for debtors. There are two significant buildings in the Abbey Strand Holyrood House Palace and Holyrood Abbey the later dating back to King David I. Abbey Strand Royal Attractions Edinburgh Unicorn Wall Tablet Abbey Strand Edinburgh In the Abbey Strand on the entrance through the south wall near the gates to the Palace of Holyrood House you will see an ornate stone tablet of a unicorn with the inscription; IR5 or (KING JAMES THE V) A white unicorn (the symbol of Scotland) holding the saltire flag of Scotland, with a shield, with the red lion rampant. Palace of Holyrood House Abbey Strand Edinburgh Palace of Holyrood House is Queen Elizabeth’s official residence in Scotland was built in 1498 by James IV. The Palace was set alight and burned down in November of 1650 when Cromwell’s troops were leaving. This was said to be an accident. The Tower of James V being the only part that survived. The present palace foundations were laid in 1671 and the rebuild completed in 1674, the new occupants took up residency at the end of 1679. The then Duke of Albany and York, to be James the II of England and VII of Scotland and family. Holyrood Holyrood Abbey Abbey Strand Edinburgh Holyrood Abbey was built by King David I in 1128 is now a ruin with a history that spans 800 years. Holyrood Abbey’s position close to Edinburgh Castle meant that it was often visited by Scotland’s monarchs throughout the centuries. Holyrood Abbey was the site of the coronations of James II in 1437 and Charles I in 1633. It also housed the first high school of Scotland. Young Mary landed at Leith on 18 June 1549 and married 19-year-old James II, King of Scots, at Holyrood Abbey in Edinburgh two weeks later. On the completion of the marriage ceremony Mary was taken to her dressing room clothed in the coronation robes and returned to be crowned Queen of Scotland. Holyrood Abbey Holyrood House Water Fountain In the forecourt of the Palace of Holyrood House stands an Octagonal stone fountain which is said to be design on the original fountain that stood in Linlithgow Palace. The fountain has many figures and heads and was built around 1860. Octagonal stone fountain is decorated with figures from the who’s who Blair, Montgomery, Campbell and Blackadder, Rizzio, Queen Margaret, John Cunningham, Town Drummer of Linlithgow, Lady Cramford with a hawk perched on her finger and a dog by her left side, the Earl of Stair, Queen Mary, Sir John Cope, Arabella of France, heads of Edward I, Queen Mary and the Duke of Buckingham Archie Simpson (Dunfermline Abbey fool), Binnock (who deceived the English at Linlithgow) and Elizabeth Blackwood the heads of Young Earl of Kent, Abbot of St Andrews and Oliver Cromwell George Buchanan (Court fool) stabbing the Duke of Devonshire the head of Grieve on Jock Howieson's farm, the head of Shakespeare, and the fool in the Court of Elizabeth the Duke of Essex and Lola Irondale with a dog the heads of John Milburn of the Covenanters, a cherub and Elizabeth Milburn. Sanctuary Holyrood Abbey Abbey Strand Edinburgh You can find the brass S’s in the cobbles of Abbey Strand leading to the entrance of Holyrood. Holyrood Abbey was designated as a debtor's sanctuary in the 16th century. The sanctuary extends to the whole of Holyrood Park slightly over 4 square miles. Anyone in debt could flee their creditors, and imprisonment or hanging, by taking up residence within the sanctuary, due to this a small community grew to the west of the palace most of the houses were demolished and only a few remain. "Abbey Lairds", were only able to leave the sanctuary on Sundays as it was not allowed to arrest anyone on the Sabbath. In 1880 the law was changed which meant debtors could no longer be imprisoned. The Sanctuary building is now used as a gift shop for the palace. Thomson’s Court Abbey Strand Edinburgh Thomson’s Court is to the north side of Abbey Strand as was used for accommodation for the debtors who lived within the sanctuary area of Holyrood Abbey circa 1850. At one time there were Taverns on the ground floor with housing above. Originally built as housing circa 1500. Renovations have now been made and Thomson's Court is now Abbey Apartments with multi functional rooms and shop. Psychic Garden Palace of Holyrood House Abbey Strand Edinburgh The King's Psychic Garden was first e stablished in 1670 by Sir Robert Sibbald and Dr Andrew Balfour, both botanists and physicians. The Psychic garden was located on the grounds of the Palace of Holyroodhouse. This recreation of the first Physic garden (2020) seen below was the precursor of the Royal Botanic Gardens Edinburgh. See the recreation of the first Physic Garden at the left side of Holyroodhouse Palace Watergate Canongate Edinburgh Watergate was the gated entrance to the Canongate. From outside the walls it would have stood between the Sanctuary building and what is now Russell House. The Water Gate took its name from a horse pond near to the bath house. Queen Mary’s Bath House Palace of Holyroodhouse Abbey Strand Queen Mary’s Bath house was associated with Mary Queen of Scots. Used as a summer house for the Royals when walking in the garden. The wording on the sign reads; Queen Mary’s Bath House. This little two Storeyed building is traditionally associated with May Queen of Scots (1542-1587). It was once attached to a boundary wall enclosing the Kings privy garden and served as a pavilion or summerhouse where the royal family might relax whilst strolling in the garden. Weather it contained a bath is unknown. Abbeyhill Police Station This building was originally a police Station built in 1896. 30 Croft-An-Righ (Croft-An-Righ House) 30 Croft-An-Righ (Croft-An-Righ House) Croft-An-Righ is a mansion house on the north east corner of the gardens of the Palace of Holyrood house. The owners were all nobility and had connections with the King at the time. Croft-An-Righ (or 'King's Field') House is known to belong to Robert 3rd Lord Elphinstone died 1602. He then sold it in to Alexander Livingston 2nd Earl of Linlithgow died 1648 who in turn sold it to William Graham 7th Earl of Monteith and 1st Earl of Airth Died 1661. After a fire circa 1680 the house was rebuilt with further alterations made circa 1880 Next - Horse Wynd

All About Edinburgh is the No.1 information site for visitors to Edinburgh. Maps, Hotels, all the attractions, golf courses, tours. Activities, Walking Tours. With airport transfers and group transport of all sizes. All About Edinburgh Visit Scotland The Ultimate Information Guide to Historic place and Attractions in Edinburgh St Andrews Stirling Lothian and Borders Free Online Visit Edinburgh Edinburgh's History and Attractions Free Information Guide Edinburgh Attractions Maps Mobile Friendly and Multilingual All About Edinburgh is a Search Engine guide to all the great things to see and do when you visit Edinburgh. Welcome to everything Edinburgh has to offer, both to the visitor and local resident, all in one convenient place. Whether you only wish to visit Edinburgh Castle or the Palace of Holyrood House, Walk the Royal Mile, or climb the ancient volcano Arthur Seat (Ard-Na-Said). Tour Scotland's Capital with Free Maps, Edinburgh Guide Books have it All See all the attractions or Tour Scotland from Edinburgh. Golf Transport Scotland Hotels Edinburgh All Scotland's Golf Courses Edinburgh Walking Tours Visit Scotland Visit Edinburgh Attractions Monuments Plaques and Inscriptions There are over 100 plaques in Edinburgh and many inscription at door entrances. Edinburgh in the 18th and 19th century were great believers in leaving memorials in forms of monuments to the people they believed to be the great and good. This monument is to honour Sir Walter Scott who was born and lived in Edinburgh. There is also a museum on the first floor of the monument. Visit Edinburgh Attractions Statues Edinburgh has many Statues in the streets on buildings and in museums and galleries. The statues are of people of achievement from Kings and Queens, Poets and Writers, Lord Provosts and Prime Ministers. This Statue is of James Clark Maxwell one of the greatest scientists that ever lived. Even Einstein’s said that he was inspired by Maxwell. Contact Details Visit Edinburgh Attractions Edinburgh Golf Courses Golf History Tour Golf in Edinburgh is available to all, play free with your own clubs on the Oldest short course in the world Take a Golf History Tour, S ee the world's oldest golf course and first clubhouse. The first established Golf club, Where the first rules of golf were written. Where the first Golf competition was played to rules. From the west of Edinburgh to Musselburgh in East Lothian Over 40 golf courses near to Edinburgh it's a Golfers Dream Golf Transport Airport Transfers Luxury Minibus Hire Group Transport and Golf Transfers Looking for Golf Transport Airport Transfer Group Outing or Tours of the Highlands. See the Transport and Book Direct single passenger or large groups. Safe Friendly and Punctual high quality Transport at very competitive prices. Edinburgh Attractions Visit Edinburgh Festivals Edinburgh has many festivals each year from April till 31st December. Most importantly, The Edinburgh Military Tattoo that is staged at Edinburgh Castle a must see (Bucket List inclusion) extravaganza for the whole family of all ages. Also Children's Festivals and Running Festivals Tours of Scotland Tours from Edinburgh Highlands and Islands + TV and Film Locations See Edinburgh from the Sky Helicopter Tours Once you have taken in the sights of Edinburgh you can then look at the rest of Scotland, with all the destinations that you have heard about or seen on the TV or in Films. Harry Potter, The Wicker Man, Outlander, The Da Vinci Code, Chariots of Fire, Brave, Mary Queen of Scots, Robert the Bruce, Braveheart, Skyfall and many more. Visit Orkney Skye and the Highlands of Scotland List of tour companies Contact details Outlander Locations in Scotland Visit Edinburgh Attractions Shops Royal Mile tourist stores selling everything from cigars, whisky, tartan goods, haggis, shortbread and souvenirs. Edinburgh City Centre is the place to shop. With designer shops, Boutique fashion stores selling Bags, shoes and clothes. All the expected high street names and unique local stores Before you buy whisky check out the Supermarkets. Tesco Asda Morrisons as they have great prices on all Whisky.

Cockburn Street Edinburgh New Town a winding street that joins Edinburgh's Royal Mile at the High Street to Waverley Bridge Edinburgh's main Rail Station. With shops, pubs, restaurants, cafes and accommodation. Cockburn Street Edinburgh (Lord Cockburn Street) Lord Cockburn Street was built as an access to the Waverley Bridge Road at Waverley Rail Station from the High Street near to the Tron Kirk. The Plans for Cockburn Street were submitted over a lengthy period circa 1850 and was finally completed in 1859. Lord Cockburn Street was named after Lord Cockburn who was one of the most respected Gentlemen of Edinburgh. He Died in 1854 and a Carved Stone of his Head and Shoulders are above No1-3 Cockburn Street now the Edinburgh Military Tattoo Offices. Lord Henry Cockburn The Edinburgh Military Tattoo Office was originally built as a hotel (The Cockburn hotel built circa 1862). The carving above door of a head is Lord Cockburn with gilt writing MacPherson on lintel. (Previous owner) Lord Cockburn was a conservationist and saved many important buildings in Edinburgh. The street is named after him. Lord Henry Cockburn died in 1854 at the age of 74. A conservationist the Cockburn Association which was established in 1875 was named after Lord Henry Cockburn. A statue of Lord Henry Cockburn stands in the north-east corner of Parliament Hall in the High Street Edinburgh. When Cockburn Street was built (circa 1859) it cut through many old closes, which evidence of can be seen in Old Fleshmarket Close where the smallest pub in Edinburgh can be found on the north side of the severed close. Click on Fleshmarket Close Sign for more information Now Cockburn Street is known for a good selection of retail shops, restaurants, fast food outlets, bars and accommodation. Craig’s Close Edinburgh The access to Craig’s Close from the High Street was closed when the Council offices were built in 1932. There were two parts to Craig’s Close, High Street – Cockburn Street (closed) and Cockburn Street – Market Street which is still open. Craig’s Close was the site of The Isle of Man Arms. The Edinburgh Cape Club’s main meeting place. The Close was named after John Craig, wright and Burgess of Edinburgh who was the 3rd husband of Ann Hamilton who owned the lands . A town Councillor. Craig's Close Edinburgh The Cape Club At the foot of Craig’s Close that at one time started in the High Street Royal Mile and ended the Nor Loch, then was split by the building of Cockburn Street there used to stand a tavern where the Cape Club met. The Plaque at the foot of the upper section of Craig’s Close reads; Craig’s Close | site of Cape Club | spiritual home of | Robert Fergusson | Distinguished Edinburgh Poet | Died October 16 1774. Scotsman Newspaper Building Cockburn Street Edinburgh The most prominent building in Lord Cockburn Street was and still is The Scotsman Building where the Scotsman newspaper was published and printed after moving from the High Street. Stone Sculptures Look high up on the buildings to see sculptures of many things Devils Birds and more. Edinburgh Municipal Building The foundation Stone of this part of the building was laid on the 6th June 1901 by the Right Honourable James Steel Lord Provost. The New Council Chamber was opened 19th January 1904 by the Right Honourable Sir Robert Cranston Lord Provost Steps to High Street Warriston’s Steps The Steps from Cockburn Street to Warriston’s Close in the High Street were built when the Municipal Building was built circa 1903. This gave a direct link to the High Street City Chambers. Near the top of the steps is Writers’ Court and a plaque where John Knox’s manse stood. Further up is the entrance to Real Mary King’s Close. Next - North Bridge

Horse Wynd is a wynding road that starts at Holyrood Palace Royal Mile and finishes at Arthur Seat which is in the Queen's Park. Holyrood Palace, Queens Gallery and Scottish Parliament buildings are the only buildings in Horse Wynd. Horse Wynd Attractions Royal Mile Edinburgh Horse Wynd Attractions Horse Wynd Edinburgh was the first part of the road to London and where the Royal Coaches started their journey south to London. The journey would take approximately 13 days. Opposite the Palace is the site of the new Scottish Parliament building, continue round and you will arrive in the Queens Park where Arthur Seat can be climbed on the Radical Road for a magnificent view of Edinburgh, Lothians and the Forth Bridges. Also take the road around the hill and see the Lochs and St Anthony’s Chapel that stands above St Margaret’s Loch on the hill. Horse Wynd, Royal Mile, Queen's Gallery Edinburgh EH8 8DX Scotland Horse Wynd, Royal Mile, Queen's Gallery Shop Edinburgh EH8 8DX Scotland Horse Wynd, Royal Mile, Scottish Parliament Edinburgh EH99 1SP Scotland The King's Gallery Horse Wynd Edinburgh The Queen's Gallery opened in 2002 to house pictures, paintings and photographs of the queen her family and her travels around the world. This building was first erected in 1840s. Next door is the Queen's Gallery Shop. Queens Gallery Scottish Parliament Building Horse Wynd Edinburgh Scottish Parliament Building Royal Mile Horse Wynd Edinburgh was where the royal stables were located and later where the St Ann's Brewery was opened by A C Younger in 1786. Horse Wynd Edinburgh was also where the Royal Coaches would depart for London. The journey would take approximately 13 days. The New Scottish Parliament building stands opposite the Palace of Holyroodhouse. The Scottish Parliament Building construction commenced in June 1999 and the Members of the Scottish Parliament held their first debate in the new building on 7 September 2004. The formal opening by Queen Elizabeth took place on 9 October 2004. Take the free tour of the building. Parliament Scottish Parliament Building Horse Wynd Edinburgh The Scottish Parliament Building is sited on Horse Wynd. To the North Calton Hill and South Arthur Seat. West is Princes Street, Scott Monument and Edinburgh Castle. Take the free tour of the building. Open Monday - Saturday. Abbey Brewery Horse Wynd Edinburgh The Abbey Brewery was built on the site of the Lothian Hut a mansion were Dugald Stewart once lived before it was demolished in 1825 and with other land beside it, Mr Younger built the Abbey Brewery. The site of which was not to the taste of the Royals at the Palace of Holyrood and it is said a wall was built to disguise the edifice from the view of the Palace. The wall is now all that remains which can be seen from the Park at Arthur Seat. Lothian Hut Marquis of Lothian's Close Lothian Vale This was the town house of the family of the Marquis of Lothian it was built in 1750 by William, 3rd Marquis, and demolished 1825. The neighbouring house was Lothian Vale. The entry to it was by the Marquis of Lothian's Close It was the residence of Professor Dugald Stewart, as Lothian House. The property was acquired by William, 4th Marquis of Lothian, from the Governors of Heriot's Hospital, 26th February 1771 William John, 5th Marquis, 20th September 1800. The property was acquired by Wm. Younger, brewer, for brewery extensions, 1856. Next - Arthur Seat & King's Park

Canongate Southside has many attractions and historic buildings. Kilwinning Freemasons Lodge where Robert Burns attended. The Poetry Library with free entry and the first whisky bottler Cadenheads where there are many rare whiskies. Also arts and crafts shops. Canongate South Edinburgh Attractions Canongate South Edinburgh is all the attractions, famous residents through history, the historic buildings and places to visit on the South side of the Canongate in the Royal Mile Edinburgh. This page takes you from the top of the Canongate on the south side at the White Horse Inn to the Scottish Parliament Building at the foot of the Canongate. The area around where the Palace of Holyrood House is now was once a small village called Herbergare, where the Abbey of Holyrood was built and was given to the monks by King David I in 1128 and a road that extended from Herbergare, to the Nether Bow Port was known as Canon gait. Canongate Southside Gullan’s Close Gibb's Entry Pirrie's Close Chessel’s Court Plainstane Close Weir’s Close Playhouse Close Old Playhouse Close St John’s Pend St John’s Street Sugarhouse Close Bakehouse Close Wilson’s Court Cooper’s Close Crichton’s Close Bull’s Close Reid’s Close Vallence’s Entry Canongate South Edinburgh Attractions The White Horse Inn Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh The White Horse Inn is the oldest Inn in the Canongate Edinburgh with the stables at the rear with entry from Gullan’s Close. The coaches left from what was known as Boyd’s Inn. The other entrance for the coaches and horses was from Boyd’s Entry a short distance down St Mary’s Wynd, Boyd’s Inn, was the starting point the long journey by coach to London. The main dropping off point for the coaches from London was Boyd’s Close off Boyd’s Entry, at the back of the White Horse Inn. The White Horse Inn was the place that runaway couples from England came to be married and many weddings were carried out here. Boyd’s Inn consisted of a house for entertainment, stables for over 100 horses and sheds for over 20 carriages and rooms for the guests. This was the first 5 star lodging in Edinburgh the proprietor being James Boyd. James Boyd sold the White Horse Inn in 1776 to retire. Gullan’s Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Gullan’s Close at the side of the White Horse Inn was the fourth close on the south side of the Canongate prior to 1869 when the First three closes of the Canongate were demolished under the improvement Act of 1867 replaced by a tenement. Gullan’s Close was previously Halliburton’s Close and James Boyd the Innkeeper owned property on the west side of Halliburton’s Close(White Horse Inn) (James Boyd the Innkeeper was a gambler and was about to lose everything when he had good fortune with a run of winnings on a white Horse hence where the name The White Horse Inn derived). The White Horse Inn was also famous for runaway couples from England that wished to marry. It was also the Start and finish to the coach trip to and from London. Gullan’s Close named after James Gullan who had stables led to the Stables where the coaches and Horses for the London coach journey where stabled. (100 horses and 20 carriages). Gibb’s Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Gibb’s Close named after Robert Gibb who had stables at the foot of Halliburton’s Close. One of the residents of Gibb’s close was Constantine Burke the brother of the murderer William Burke and this was the place the murder of Mary Paterson took place. Her body was transported to Dr Knox who paid for the body for his experiments. Burke and Hare resided in Tanner’s Close (Portsburgh) in the West Port in a lodging House the place they carried out many of their evil deeds. Pirrie’s Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Pirrie’s Close or as on old maps, Perries Close, were the lands of Elizabeth Murray and Alexander Pirie and the Pirie family stayed here for generations and Thomas Pirrie built a Brewery in the Close. Pirrie’s Close was once called Fuird’s Close after Alexander and John Fruid and their descendants. The Close was first Known as Kinnaird’s Close and was then sold to Alexander Fuird. Chessel’s Court Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Chessel’s Court was built in 1748 as mansion apartments for the architect Archibald Chessel and in 1769 became the Excise Office and was the scene of an armed robbery in 1788 by the notorious William Deacon Brodie and his gang. The robbery failed and Deacon Brodie was eventually caught and executed on the gallows in the High Street that he designed. To the Left of Chessel’s Court once ran Plain Stone Close (Plainstane Close). The plaque has been attached to a wall on the right side. Details of all the closes from the past can be seen on maps held by the National Library of Scotland link to get you there fast. Plainstane Close was named as the close had been paved. http://maps.nls.uk Weir’s Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Weir’s Close Royal Mile Canongate Edinburgh was the home of George Chalmers founder of Chalmers Hospital which opened to patients in 1864 on the lower floors the upper floors were opened to fee paying patients in 1872. The plaque reads; In proud and grateful memory of George Chalmers 1773 - 1838 Master Plumber who lived and worked near this site. Founder of Chalmers Hospital Old Playhouse Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Old Playhouse Close Royal Mile Canongate Edinburgh was the entrance to the Playhouse Theatre where famous actors, actresses, singers and performers would ply their trade from 1747 – 1767. The tragedy DOUGLAS was first performed here in 1756 written by John Home minister and playwright. On the Lintel above the door of the tenement to the east in the close the inscription reads; AJ JEHOVA DEDIT | HOSPITIUM TERRIS CAELICA REGNA DABIT | ANNO JS James Laidlaw Maxwell James Laidlaw Maxwell, MA MD. Was born on 18th March 1836 in the Canongate. He was a pioneer missionary of Taiwan Laidlaw established Taiwan's Qiho Medical Clinic and the Fucheng Presbyterian Hospital which became the Sin-Lau Hospital the first western medical hospital. He was first to translate the New Testament into Taiwanese in 1873, he died in 1921. Saint John’s Cross Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh The cross of St John marks the spot on the Royal Mile Canongate Edinburgh where the boundary between Edinburgh and the Burgh of the Canongate was and also marks where the original St. John’s Cross was positioned. Moved to allow carriages which were becoming more popular to pass up and down the street. St John’s Pend Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh. The Knights of St John had their houses in this area. Go through the Archway which was created in 1767 and you will find the Masonic Lodge Canongate Kilwinning No 2 and the oldest masonic chapel in the world. This is where Robert Burns was affiliated and was crowned Poet Laureate. The archway below the Moray House tablet takes you to St John’s Street, also known as St John’s Pend this is where the first known masonic lodge was sited,(St John’s Lodge) date unknown. There are other Lodges that also claim to be the first lodge by way of minutes of meetings, but St John’s name has been synonymous with this area since the early 1500s. It is believed that the name was first used by the Knights of St John of Jerusalem who held property in this area. The entrance to the Canongate was built in 1768 and the houses in St John’s Street were occupied by noble families. On the west side was Canongate Lodge and Lodge Kilwinning No 2 further down was the mansion of Lord Wemyss and the nearest to the south back of Canongate (now Holyrood Road) was the Royal Maternity Hospital which was founded in 1835. On the east side of St John’s Street lived No1 Sir Charles Preston, No 3 Lord Blantyre, No 5 The Earl of Dalhousie, No 8 Andrew Carmichael last Earl of Hyndford, No 10 James Ballantyne (partner and confidant of Sir Walter Scott) This is where Walter Scott would discuss his forthcoming novels. Finally No 13 Lord Monboddo, a Judge and Linguist a friend of Robert Burns and David Hume and a well-known figure in all Edinburgh. This plaque reads; This Building now a part of | Moray House College was | erected 1755 and restored 1955. This plaque reads; ST JOHN’S PEND | THE KNIGHT’S OF ST JOHN | HAD THEIR HOUSES IN THIS | DISTRICT | THE ENTRANCE TO THE STREET | WAS BUILT IN 1763 | HOUSES OCCUPIED BY FAMOUS | FAMILIES AND OCCASIONALLY | BY SMOLLETT Tobias George Smollett Canongate Plaque Edinburgh This wall tablet reads; Tobias George Smollett | 1721 – 1771 | Stayed here at the house | of his sister Mrs Telfer | During the summer of 1766 St John’s Land Plaque Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh This wall tablet reads; This fine example of an 18th century Edinburgh tenement was erected by the Earls of Hopetoun who also built Hopetoun House. It remained in residential use until Moray House acquired the building in 1956 and installed classrooms, staff students and a fully equipped proscenium theatre. Tobias Smollett the novelist stayed with his sister in a flat which is now part of the theatre stage. It was here in 1766 that he wrote his last novel, “Humphry Clinker” in which tenement life is fully described. The building was originally six storeys high but today only five storeys are above ground. It takes its name from the adjoining St John’s Masonic Lodge. James Boswell was once president of the lodge and Robert Burns attended its meetings during his visit to Edinburgh in 1787-88. Masonic Lodge Canongate Kilwinning No.2 St John’s Street Royal Mile Edinburgh The Lodge Canongate, Kilwinning has had many famous brothers, Robert Burns the Poet and John Napier the inventor of the logarithms. At the first gate on the right entering from the Canongate, above a black door on the lintel, can be seen the words SAINT JOHN’S LODGE. The next building is Lodge Kilwinning No 2 this is named after the original lodge in Ayrshire which dates back to the building of Kilwinning Abbey in 1140, however the Abbey of Holyrood built in 1124, was also linked to the Freemasons and is older. The difference is, Lodge Mother Kilwinning in Ayrshire issued charters and warrants to Lodges wishing the privileges of freemasonry. In the High Street Hyndford’s Close (St David’s Lodge) is where Sir Walter Scott became a mason. Sir Godfrey Hilton Thomson Moray House College Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Sir Godfrey Hilton Thomson was an educational psychologist and the director of studies at Moray House College for 26 years and a pioneer of educational testing. Sir Godfrey Thomson’s plaque can be found in St John’s Pend in Canongate, Royal Mile, and Edinburgh. Sir Godfrey Thomson led the only IQ test to be held in Scotland testing took place in 1932 and 1947 of all 11 year old children. Lodge Canongate Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh The first Lodge to request a charter was the Lodge Canongate. This was granted in December 1677 and is the first known example in the world of a Lodge being granted a Charter by an existing Lodge. The Chapel of St John is the oldest purpose built masonic meeting room in the world. The first Grand Lodge of Scotland was Lodge Canongate Kilwinning in 1735. The Head Office of the Grand Lodge of Scotland is at 96 George Street Edinburgh. The Lodge of Edinburgh (St Mary’s Chapel) No 1 has the oldest recorded meeting minutes dating back to 1598 and is still in existence in Hill Street Edinburgh today. James Laidlaw Maxwell James Laidlaw Maxwell, MA MD. Was born on 18th March 1836 in the Canongate. He was a pioneer missionary of Taiwan Laidlaw established Taiwan's Qiho Medical Clinic and the Fucheng Presbyterian Hospital which became the Sin-Lau Hospital the first western medical hospital. He was first to translate the New Testament into Taiwanese in 1873, he died in 1921. Old Moray House Old Moray House was built in the early 1600s. It is now a group of three buildings and a courtyard. The Regent’s House to the east was built before the mid-1600s and the new house to the south was built in 1755. Take a walk through the gates to see the buildings. The Moray House College has been on this site since 1848 and became Moray House College of Education in 1959. After merging with other colleges it is now part of the University of Edinburgh. Moray House was originally a mansion House built circa 1620 for Mary, Dowager Countess of Home. She was to host many famous dignitaries. Oliver Cromwell stayed when his army were in occupation of Holyroodhouse during his sacking of Edinburgh circa 1650. Due to the position of the balcony, the Marquis of Argyll and his party reportedly jeered the captured Royalist James Graham, 1st Marquis of Montrose, as he was paraded to his execution in 1650. An execution which Argyll met a few years later. The Cottage or Summer House on your right as you enter the gates is believed to be where the 1707 Act of Union between Scotland and England was signed. St John's Street Church The Church at the foot of St John’s Street west side was built on land owned by the Earl of Wemyss in 1882 to accommodate the congregation which worshipped in St Giles’ Cathedral. Building is now empty. Sugarhouse Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Sugarhouse Close with the archway to the sugar refinery to allow carts to carry the loads of sugar. The sugar refinery started circa 1750 and continued for over 100 years. In 1858 it became the site of the Holyrood brewery owned by William Younger & Co (William Younger and Co merged with William McEwan to become Scottish Brewers in 1931) the Holyrood Brewery closed in 1986 and the land was sold in 1990. Holyrood Brewery stretched from Gentle’s Close further down the Canongate to Sugarhouse Close). Bakehouse Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Bakehouse Close is a representation of a House of the 17th Century Canongate, Acheson House within the close was the residence of Sir Archibald Acheson and Margaret Hamilton from 1633 when it was built, it then was passed on to his son George Acheson. The Canongate became the area the wealthy of Edinburgh moved to as the Edinburgh Closes and Wynds were overpopulated, smelly and noisy. Bakehouse Close was used in the Outlander series, and runs under Huntly House next to Edinburgh Museum. Acheson House Bakehouse Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Acheson House was built in 1633 as a townhouse for Sir Archibald Acheson, who died a year later in 1634. Archibald Acheson was knighted by James I in 1620, made secretary of state for Scotland in 1627 during the reign of Charles I and a baronet of Nova Scotia in 1628. Acheson house was restored by the Marquess of Bute when he purchased the property from Edinburgh council in 1935 to save it from demolition. Huntly House Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Attraction In 1825 in the ‘Traditions of Edinburgh’ Robert Chambers calls Huntly House the ‘SPEAKING HOUSE’ because of the Latin inscriptions on the building’s exterior walls. There are five inscriptions, the original four inscriptions are from the 16th century and one added on renovation in the late 1920s early 1930s. The museum was housed in Huntly House before an extension was built where the entrance is now. The Building was originally the Marquis of Huntly’s House. Take a walk round and see the Scottish silver, pictures of old Edinburgh and maps of the building of the New Town. Free entry Huntly Hous Museum The Five Inscriptions on Stone carvings of the wall of Huntly House Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Read; THERE IS ANOTHER HOPE OF LIFE I AM OLD BUT RENEW MY YOUTH 1932 AS THOU ART MASTER OF MY TONGUE TO A STEADFAST HEART. MORTAL AFFAIRS ARE A SHADOW SO I AM MASTER OF MY EARS TODAY FOR ME TOMORROW FOR YOU 1570 Museum Of Edinburgh Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh You will find the Museum of Edinburgh in the Canongate. Inside the museum tells the story of Edinburgh from prehistoric times to the present day. Displays illustrate life in the Old and New Towns from the 1760s. Home to important collections of Edinburgh history, exhibits include Grayfriars Bobby’s collar, the National Covenant signed in 1638, and Scottish pottery. Museum of Edinburgh Wilson’s Court Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Wilson’s Court found between Bakehouse Close and Cooper’s Close was once circa 1650 A sandstone quarry which was filled in and a tenement now stands. Surrounding the court Holyrood Brewery was built. Andrew Berwick established a Brewery in Gentle’s Close circa 1820 which extended to around Cooper’s Close and Wilson’s Close. Wilson’s Close was named after a William Wilson who owned land in 1778 His three sons all immigrated to the West Indies as did one of his daughters who married a John Hamilton of Tobago. Philip the eldest son also of Tobago inherited the land in 1782 and later sold it to Alexander Gordon in 1796. Cooper’s Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Cooper’s Close was named after a wealthy merchant and engraver Richard Cooper in 1749 and owned further property in the High street. He also sold land to James Gentle of Gentle’s Close. The Cooper family has a connection to the close as a Margaret Cooper lived here in the 1840s Later Cooper’s Close was where the barrels were made and supplied to the breweries. Positioned in the middle of the Holyrood Brewery site. The first Brewery was at Holyrood Abbey and moved to the site of Horse Wynd now where the Scottish Parliament Stands. A Cooper is a skilled tradesman who makes or repairs casks and barrels for Breweries. Crichton’s Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Crichton’s Close when studying old maps (1813) of the Canongate seems to be on the site of the Carfrae Coach works of East Lothian a respected coach builder. In a earlier map (1765) the same site is named Crichton’s Coach works a possible clue to the Close’s name. The Close was named after Alexander Crichton Coach builder circa 1760. John Carfrae had purchased the coach works by 1799 and his son Thomas was still running the business in 1832. Scottish Poetry Library Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh The Scottish Poetry Library can be found in Crichton’s Close in the Canongate. One of only three Poetry Libraries in the United Kingdom. Started in Tweeddale Court in the High Street in 1984 and moved to its present home in June 1999. The Library has the largest collection of Poems in Scotland and if you are looking for the poem for a loved one or special occasion, you will find it here. There is a shop. Entry and use of the Poetry Library is Free. Do not go past go in and find the poem that reflects who you are. This is the only purpose built poetry Library in Europe and possible the world. Founder Tessa Ransford Plaque Inscription reads; SIC ITUR AD ASTRA (Thus one journeys to the stars) The New Scottish Poetry Library Ist Aug 1997 Poetry Library Bull’s Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Bull’s Close extended from the Canongate to the South Back of Canongate now known as Holyrood Road and was part of the land owned by the Holyrood Brewery (Scottish Brewers). Close named after one of its many owners a Robert Bull many wealthy owners when purchasing property (land) change the close’s name to their own. John Carfrae also owned houses in the Close which had access to his Coach works in Crichton Close. Milton House School Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Milton House School was built circa 1885 to educate the children of the Canongate area. The School was built on the site of Milton House, named after Lord Milton, (Andrew Fletcher) a famous judge of his time circa 1756 for who the house was built by the designer John Adam elder brother of the more famous architect Robert Adam. John Adam commission 4 wall panels for the original Milton Boarding School by William Delacour who died in Edinburgh 1767. Nisbet of Dirleton’s House 82-84 Royal Mile Canongate Edinburgh 82 – 84 Canongate was Nisbet of Dirleton’s House. The house with shop was originally built in 1624 by Lord Dirleton, Sir John Nisbet the Lord Advocate. A typical entrance stone to a 17th Century building. Nisbet of Dirleton’s House Stone Lintel above door with translation in brackets PAX (PEACE) INTRATIBUS (ENTERED) NISI DOMINS FRUSTRA (EXCEPT THE LORD IN VAIN) SALUS (SALVATION) EXEUNTIBUS (DEPARTING) Reid’s Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Reid’s Close named after Andrew Reid Brewer circa 1770 had a common entrance from the Canongate with Haddington Close (Earl of Haddington built a house here circa 1790) with separate entrances from Back of the Canongate south (Holyrood Road) Bailie Reid’s Close or Reid’s Close was the site of a new brewery opened by the Berwick’s circa 1860, on the site of their malting’s which operated for several years. They then sold it circa 1870 when it changed its name to the Reid’s Close Brewery. Reid’s Close is at the west side of the Scottish Parliament Building on the Canongate and is a quick way to get to Our Dynamic Earth at Holyrood Gait. Dynamic Earth Holyrood Gait Royal Mile Edinburgh Dynamic Earth is a science centre in Edinburgh. The centre opened in 1999. The building’s structure consists of a steel mast-supported membrane stretched over a steel skeleton. Dynamic Earth takes you on a journey through our planet’s past, present and future, with interactive exhibits and impressive technology, including a 4D and 3D experience. Beginning with the Big Bang, children and adults alike can witness the creation of the Earth, follow the planet through its evolution and even catch glimpses of the earth’s future. The best way by foot to get to Our Dynamic Earth is down Reid’s Close of the Canongate Royal Mile or by car Down Holyrood Road from the west and past the Palace of Holyrood House from the east. Dynamic Earth Vallence’s Entry Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Vallence’s Entry was named after Adam Vallange who owned land here. Once named Valentine’s Entry circa 1830 Adam Vallange was a barber by trade and his land stood next to the Duke of Queensberry’s Land. Queensberry House Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh The Duke of Queensberry resided in a stately mansion till his death in 1695 and his family continued residence until 1803. At that time it was changed into a hospital and in 1834 it became a refuge for the poor. In 1945 it became and Old peoples home and in 1997 the Scottish government closed the home and moved the residents to enable the Scottish Parliament building to be constructed. On the Pavement of the Canongate between Vallance’s Entry and Queensberry House is the Canongate Wellhead dated 1817. This would have been where the residence of the canongate would get their drinking water. The wealthy land owners would have caddies to fetch water from the wellhead to their houses. Scottish Parliament Building Wall On this land previous to the parliament Building, after Queensberry House, stood four close’s Cumming’s Close, Thomson’s Close, Penman’s Close and Charter’s Close. In Horse Wynd was a Brewery and prior to that was Lothian Hut a mansion House built by William Lothian 3rd Marquis of Lothian in 1750. The Lothian Hut (mansion House) was demolished in 1825 the last occupant being Dugald Stewart a Scottish philosopher and mathematician joint founder of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783. He was born in Edinburgh on the 22 November 1753 and died 11 June 1828. A memorial to Dugald Stewart stands on Calton Hill Edinburgh. Canongate Parliament Wall Plaques There are 22 plaques with a proverb or verse on the wall (20/02/2026) Andrew Fletcher Jackie Kay Norman MacCai Hugh MacDiarmid Hamish Henderson Next - Abbey Strand Attractions

Chambers Street Edinburgh extended from Candlemaker Row to what is now Infirmary Street at High School Yards and was called Jamaica Street. (Ainslie’s map of Edinburgh 1580 – 1919). It became Chambers Street in 1867 named after William Chambers Lord Provost Lord Provost of Edinburgh from 1865 to 1869 Chambers Street Edinburgh Attractions Guthrie Street The streets are all part of the old town area all with street names being changed. The First known name for the street which extended from Candlemaker Row at George IV Bridge included Chambers Street and Infirmary Street finishing in High School Yards was called Jamaica Street. (Ainslie’s map of Edinburgh 1580 – 1919). It was changed to Chambers Street in 1867 after William Chambers Lord Provost of Edinburgh for four years. The main attraction in Chambers Street is the National Museum of Scotland. National Museum of Scotland Chambers Street Edinburgh The National Museum of Scotland houses outstanding international collections from Science and Industry, The Natural World, Decorative Arts plus the History of Scotland from its geological beginnings to the 21st century and many other wonderful and interesting exhibits. The museum was modernised after a 2 year closure and was re-opened in July 2011. There are two parts to the building, the former Museum of Scotland and the modern extension of the building opened in 1998. The former Royal Museum opened in 1866. There are many things for adults and children to do and see on a cold wet summer day, such as becoming an astronaut. The museum is on 7 floors and has lifts and stairways connecting each area. Enter the Museum from the new extension and you will come across Sir Jackie Stewart’s Formula One Car. There is also a café and restaurant. Entry is free. National Museum Old Dental Hospital Chamber Street NON NOBIS SOLUM SED OMNIBUS Translation; people should contribute to the general greater good of humanity, apart from their own interests. The Edinburgh Dental Hospital and teaching School was formed in Chambers Street 1878. Due to the patient numbers it moved to Lauriston Lane in 1889. It returned to Chamber Street in 1894. A split between The Dental Hospital and teaching facility took place in 1948 when the Dental Hospital became part of the NHS and the Teaching School joined the University of Edinburgh. It closed and moved to Lauriston Place in 1997 William Chambers Statue Chambers Street Edinburgh The statue of William Chambers stands at the National Museum of Scotland in Chambers Street. William Chambers was the Lord Provost of Edinburgh from 1865 to 1869. Look at the panels on the base of the statue. He was a bookseller, printer and publisher. He was also responsible for the restoration of St Giles Cathedral. Chambers Street was named after him in 1867. The picture below shows the statue of William Chambers. The Statue was renovated and moved from the centre of the road a few years ago William Playfair Chambers Street Edinburgh William Playfair Born Benvie Dundee 1790 – 1857 The Statue of William Playfair Stands outside the National Museum of Scotland in Chambers Street close to the Playfair Library in the University of Edinburgh Building. William Playfair was a renowned architect and a leader of architectural methods. National Museum of Scotland Inside The School of Arts of Edinburgh Heriot-Watt history was started as the School of Arts of Edinburgh by Scottish businessman Leonard Horner on 16 October 1821 in Niddry Street as the world's first mechanics' institute, providing working men with education in technical subjects. They moved to a building in Adam Square in 1837. In 1852 it changed name to Watt Institution and School of Arts. The statue of Watt was unveiled in May 1854 Adam Square was demolished in 1870 for Chamber street to be built, they then moved to 25 Chambers Street in 1874. The Watt Institution officially became Heriot-Watt College in 1885 when they merged with The George Heriot Trust. The statue remained on Chambers Street until 1990, when it was moved to its current location at Heriot-Watt’s Riccarton Campus. Crown Office , 23 – 25 Chambers Street, Edinburgh was the site of Edinburgh’s Phrenological museum. It then became Heriot Watt College and the Crown Office. George Heriot ; A goldsmith and banker to King James VI, who left his fortune to fund education in Edinburgh. Leonard Horner; An educational and social reformer who founded the trailblazing Edinburgh School of Arts in 1821, the world’s first mechanics’ institute. George Combe President of the Edinburgh Phrenological Society, Lawyer and was a Scottish lawyer and a spokesman of the phrenological movement for over 20 years. He founded the Edinburgh Phrenological Society with his brother Andrew Combe in 1820 and wrote The Constitution of Man in 1828. The four heads of prominent contributors to the Society of Phrenology: Franz Joseph Gall, Johann Spurzheim, George Combe and Andrew Combe originally this was the main door to the museum No23 which closed in 1887. George Combe Andrew Combe Johann Spurzheim Franz Joseph Gall A medical school opened at 20 Chambers Street in 1878, featuring anatomical teaching by James Cossar Ewart. 16 Chamber Street French-Renaissance styled building was built in 1878 and opened as a teacher training college. 16 Chamber Street 20 Chambers Street Guthrie Street | College Wynd Guthrie Street was built to replace College Wynd and was named after Dr Thomas Guthrie the founder of the first Ragged School in 1841, which can be seen in Ramsay Lane of Castlehill Royal Mile Edinburgh. Guthrie Street is a link between Chambers Street and the Cowgate Edinburgh. There are steps from Chamber Street to Guthrie Street which was previously Horse Wynd before Chamber Street was built. Horse Wynd Joined Potterrow with the Cowgate. Walter Scott was born in College Wynd which was demolished and replaced with modern housing. The plaque can be seen on the wall at the corner of Guthrie Street and Chambers Street is to signify the location of the house where Sir Walter Scott was born in August 1771. Walter Scott's Birthplace Stone Guthrie Street Edinburgh Next - Grayfriars Kirk Edinburgh

High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh is the largest part of the old town. High Street 2 is the Upper Northside with the famous 17th century Real Mary King's Close. All About Edinburgh has listed all attractions of the High Street in 4 pages. High Street Upper Northside Royal Mile All About Edinburgh High Street History High Street was the most populated part of Edinburgh, with tenement buildings up to 11 stories high. On November 15th 1824 a tenement of 11 stories on the upper or High Street West, southside caught alight and was the beginning of the worst fire in the history of Edinburgh. Starting at around 10 pm that evening the fire spread from the tenement in Assembly Close to buildings in Old Fishmarket close. Down to the Tron Kirk in the east. It also spread south along the Cowgate. The fire was finally extinguished the next morning 12 hours from when it had started. That was not the end, as another fire started at 10 pm that evening which destroyed what was left on the south side of the High Street. All but St Giles Cathedral and the Parliament buildings were saved. Over four hundred families were left homeless. High Street Upper Northside Royal Mile Edinburgh Byre's Close Royal Mile Advocate's Close Royal Mile Roxburgh's Close Royal Mile Warriston's Close Royal Mile Writer's Court Royal Mile Mary King's Close Allan's Close Royal Mile Craig's Close Royal Mile Anchor Close Royal Mile Geddes' Entry Royal Mile North Foulis' Close Royal Mile Old Stamp Office Close Royal Mile Lyon's Close Royal Mile Jackson's Close Royal Mile Fleshmarket Close Royal Mile Cockburn Street North Bridge Byre’s Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Byres Close is where Adam Bothwell the Bishop of Orkney’s Mansion stood. Last to reside in the Close was said to be one of the wealthiest people in Scotland Sir William Dick of Braid, Lord Provost of Edinburgh in 1638 and relation to the Baronets of Prestonfield. Advocate’s Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Advocate’s Close was named after Sir James Stewart of Goodtrees (Lord Advocate of Scotland 1692 – 1713). The Stewart family owned and lived in the Close from 1648 – 1769. Advocates Close has had many names as the name would change by the owner at the time. Oliver Cromwell visited here on two occasions. other occupants of the Close were David Dalrymple, Lord Westhall, Andrew Crosbie and the artist John Scougal to William III. Also the Mansion of Bishop Bothwell circa 1590. There are two doorway with inscribed lintels No 2 Old Scottish tradition the initials of both husband and wife and date they moved in to house, Clement Cor built the tenement circa 1590, his wife, Helen Bellenden.Inscriptions : C.C H.B SPES . ALTERA . VITAE (Hope The Other Life). 1590 The other lintel Inscriptions : O Lord (not readable). Roxburgh’s Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Roxburgh’s Close on the north side of the High Street in the Royal Mile Edinburgh is named after John Roxburgh a chef and Burgess of Edinburgh in 1605. As most close’s the name changed with the owner of the land as this was owned originally by Henry Cant who owned property in Advocate’s Close. The Close is also famous for another resident Donnchadh Ban MacIntyre a famous Gaelic Poet. At the foot of Roxburgh’s Close is a courtyard which I believe was part of Writers’ Court as the doorway from Warriston’s close that enters the building where Zizzi restaurant stands has a lintel with the initials of the Chambers brothers Robert and William and the date 1851. In the centre of Roxburgh Court are four iron slabs with carvings and dates with names. The four slabs represent the trees that once stood in the courtyard and the dates of their planting. The trees are from new world destinations of the time. 1725 Acer Saccharinum (silver maple from North American Maple).1767 Betula dalecarlica (A Swedish Birch tree from Sweden), 1842 Betula Utilis (Himalayan Birch Tree from Nepal), 1906 Sorbus Commixta (Japanese rowan tree from Japan). Warriston’s Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Warriston’s Close named after Lord Warriston who lived in the close, as did Sir Thomas Craig of Riccarton. William and Robert Chambers who lived in Writers’ Close on the west side of Warriston’s Close were just a few of the famous residents. The previous name of the close were Bruce’s Close after Robert Bruce of Stirling who lived here in 1566. Access to Warriston Close can also be gained from Roxburgh’s Close. Thee other more famous close which can be accessed from Warriston’s Close is Real Mary King’s Close. This close can only be accessed from the attraction as this is an underground street and possibly buried when the plague was at its height. John Knox Manse Warriston's Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh The site of John Knox’s Manse can be found in Warriston’s Close. Go in the Archway marked Warriston’s Close and Writer’s Court and turn left and down steps and you will see the plaque next to a black door. Other people who lived here are Sir Archibald Johnston (Lord Warriston) 1611 -1663, who named the Close. As the naming of closes and land (tenements) was usually done by the owners. Writers’ Court High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Writers' Court is found off Warriston's Close The lintel of the door is where the court once stood. The initials are WC (William Chambers) a publisher and printer like his brother RC (Robert Chambers). They lived in Writers' Court in 1851. Real Mary King’s Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh This is a real look back in to Edinburgh’s past. The underground streets and places where the people of Edinburgh lived, a historically accurate example of life in Edinburgh between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries, Tales of ghosts, legends and murders. Where the plague victims were walled up and left to die. Take the guided tour based on a onetime resident, and listen to the fascinating stories. Real Mary Kings Close Edinburgh and the entrance to the underground street. Edinburgh City Chambers High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Exchange Buildings foundation stone was laid in September 1753 by the Grand Master of the Scottish masons George Drummond. The New Royal Exchange was completed in 1761. Designed by John Adam. In 1811 it became the City Chambers when the Town Council moved here from the Tolbooth. The Edinburgh Council Chambers was extended in 1904 and 1934 it has served as the administrative centre for Edinburgh Corporation, since 1975 for the Council of the City of Edinburgh The inscription on the bronze plaque reads; THE CITY CHAMBERS – FORMERLY – THE ROYAL EXCHANGE – DESIGNED BY JOHN ADAM THE ELDEST OF THE ADAM BROTHERS. – THIS BUILDING WAS ERECTED 1753 – 1761 – AS AN EXCHANGE AND CUSTOMS HOUSE – IN 1811 IT BECAME THE CITY CHAMBERS – WHEN THE TOWN COUNCIL MOVED HERE FROM THE TOLBOOTH. – EXTENDED IN 1904 AND 1924 IT SERVED AS – THE ADMINISTRATIVE CENTRE FOR EDINBURGH CORPORATION – AND SINCE 1978 FOR THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF EDINBURGH – PRESENTED IN 1983 BY THE OLD EDINBURGH CLUB FOUNDED IN THE OLD COUNCIL CHAMBERS 29 JANUARY 1908 – Lord Provost George Drummond, laid the foundation-stone in September 1753. Edinburgh Award Golden Hands High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Award printed on the paving stones of the City Chambers quadrangle you can see the golden hands of famous people awarded by Edinburgh, such as Author J.K. Rowling Olympic champion cyclist Sir Chris Hoy, Artist Richard Demarco, Author Ian Rankin, Singer Annie Lennox, Scientist Professor Peter Higgs, George Kerr CBE Judo 10th Dan, Dame Elizabeth Blackadder Painter, 46664 Concert Nelson Mandela speech. Tom Gilzean icon of the Royal Mile, Ken Buchanan Boxer, Undisputed World Lightweight Champion. The High Constables of Edinburgh Plaque Edinburgh’s Police Force, in the year 1611 the privy council of King James VI ordered the Burgh to appoint constables to impose law and order on the streets of Edinburgh. This was taken over by a regular police force in Edinburgh in 1805. Alexander the Great with his Horse Bucephalus City Chambers High Street Edinburgh The statue that stands in Edinburgh City Chambers quadrangle is of Alexander the Great and his horse Bucephalus. The statue was cast in Bronze in 1883. The wondrous horse Bucephalus the horse that Alexander the Great rode for thousands of miles and through many battles to create his mighty empire. Both Horse Bucephalus and owner Alexander the Great tower over the square of Edinburgh City Chambers on the High Street in the Royal Mile. General Stanislaw Wadyslaw Maczek Statue 1892 -1994 General Stanislaw Wadyslaw Maczek reach the rank Lieutenant General in the Polish army and was the commander of the 1st Polish Panzer Division in World War II. Stanislaw was born in Lwow Poland in 1892 fought in the 1st World War with the Austrian Army and in the 2nd World War was Commander of the new formed 1st Polish Armoured Division, nicknamed “Black Division” which was created in February 1942 at Duns in Scotland. Stanislaw and his Polish Army numbering circa 1600 were trained over 2 years in Scotland before they took park in the Normandy Landings in 1944. He and his men were instrumental in the major part of the war in France and Germany and after the war he was left homeless. A friend and Sargent in his command gave him a job in his bar in Edinburgh. In 1985 he was invited to the city of Breda in the Netherlands for the anniversary of its liberation were he was given a heroes welcome. When he died at the age of 102 years in 1994 he was buried in the Polish military cemetery in Breda Netherlands. The Black Turnpike High Street Royal Mile Mary Queen of Scots Last Night in Edinburgh 1567. The Black Turnpike, also known as the ‘Auld Bishop of Dunkeld’s lodging’ was built in 1461 on the south side of the High Street immediately west of where the Tron Kirk now stands. It was demolished in 1788 to make way for Hunter Square and Blair Street. The plaque can be seen on the wall of the City Chambers.The inscription reads “On this site stood the lodging of Sir Simon Preston of Craigmillar (known as the Black Turnpike) the lord provost of the city of Edinburgh 1566 – 1567 in which lodging Mary Queen of Scotland after her surrender to the confederate lords at Carberry Hill was imprisoned overnight in Edinburgh 15 June 1567 in a stone chamber 13-foot square and 8-foot high. On the following evening she was conveyed to Holyrood and thereafter to Loch Leven Castle as a state prisoner. After 19 years of captivity, Mary was tried and condemned to death in October 1586, ending only with her execution at Fotheringhay on 8 February 1587”. To see more about Mary Queen of Scots visit Jedburgh where you can walk round where she once lived. With many interesting artefacts on display. Hugh Miller (1802 – 1856) Plaque High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Geologist Naturalist and Folklorist. There is a bust of Hugh Miller in the Hall of Heroes at the Wallace Monument in Stirling. Hugh Miller was editor of Witness, an evangelical newspaper established in 1840 by the Scottish geologist and writer. He committed suicide in December 1856. A shocked Western world mourned him, and his funeral procession was among the largest in the memory of Edinburgh residents. He lived in the seaside area of Portobello. The City of Edinburgh War Memorial The memorial in front of the City Chambers building in the High Street Royal Mile. The stone of remembrance is to commemorate the people of Edinburgh who lost their lives in the 1st and 2nd World Wars It was unveiled on Armistice Day 1927 by Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester son of King George V. Allan’s Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Allan’s Close was removed when the City Chambers extended their premises but a part of Allan’s Close remains underground and can only be seen on the Real Mary King’s Close tour of the old streets of Edinburgh. The Close has had several names over time and each has been from the owner that lived there at the time. Craig’s Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh The access to Craig’s Close from the High Street was closed when the Council offices were built in 1932. Link to Craig's Close Anchor Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Anchor’s Close was named after a tavern that was at the top of the close in 1714. The Close ran from the High Street to Market Street before Cockburn Street was built and dissected it. In 1718 it change Landlords to and Dawney Douglas’s Tavern which was a meeting place of the Crochallan Fencibles, a club with a membership of a number of the most distinguished men of the town. The Crochallan Fencibles Club was founded by William Smellie, a printer who founded the Encyclopaedia Britannica. He also printed the first Edinburgh edition of Burns in 1787. Anchor Close has had many names as the name would change by the owner at the time. The Crochallan Fencibles was a convivial club for gentlemen which met in Dawney Douglas’s Tavern. William Smellie’s Printed Burns Poems and Allan Masterton wrote the music for Burns songs were also members of the club. Dawney Douglas’s Tavern was a very popular place as it served very good food at a very affordable price. On the east side of the Close there are two 17th-century buildings, originally of four storeys. A doorway on the west side of the Close has a 17th-century inscription ”LORD BE MERCIFUL TO ME” and was the entrance to Dawney Douglas’s Tavern where the Crochallan Fencibles Club met. Geddes’ Entry High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh John Kay 1742 – 1826 Geddes’ Entry connects with North Foulis’ Close and Old Stamp Office Close and was named after Robert Geddes of Scotstoun a surgeon by profession. On the front wall above the shops can be seen a plaque to John Kay. John Kay was a trained Barber and opened a shop at High Street where he became established and a member of the corporation of barber-surgeons in 1771. John Kay then changed his trade to become a successful painter of miniatures and also publishing sketches and caricatures of the local people which many were unhappy about the way they were portrayed. North Foulis’ Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh North Foulis Close named after John Foulis, who owned the land were he traded as an apothecary (Chemist) and owner of a tenement in the close it was North because of further down the High Street was South Foulis’ Close at No 32 with no connection to this close or owner, near to Hyndford’s Close. James Gillespie James Gillespie was an Edinburgh city merchant and founder of James Gillespie’s Hospital and School. The hospital opened in 1802 and could accommodate up to 66 Pensioners and the school. The school was originally sited at Gillespie Crescent near to the original hospital at Wright’s house. James Gillespie was born in Edinburgh on the 28 April 1726 and died at his home in Spylaw, Colinton a suburb of Edinburgh on 8 April 1797. His brothers, John and James were Tobacco and snuff merchants at 231 High street Edinburgh and had their own factory at the back of their house at Spylaw. Due to the civil war in the Americas they were a main British supplier to the trade and controlled the prices at the time. The inscription on the plaque reads; Formerly | the shop of | James Gillespie | of Spylaw | Tobacco and Snuff | Manufacturer | Founder of | James Gillespie’s | Hospital | and Schools | died 8 April 1797 | erected by | The governors 1883 Old Stamp Office Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh The Close’s in Edinburgh were named after the owners of buildings in the close at the time and thus had many names through time. Old Stamp Office Close was where the Stamp Office was for many years until it moved to Waterloo Place in 1821. It was the first place the Royal Bank of Scotland had offices when they were constituted in 1727 and remained here till 1753. It was also where Countess Eglinton and her seven beautiful daughters lived. Lady Eglinton and her daughters were the people to invite to any dance or party in the 1700s. There was also a school where the famous Flora McDonald of Skye was educated. She was famous for assisting Bonnie Prince Charlie in his escape after the battle of Culloden. The close has also been named after taverns, Ship Tavern close and Fortune’s Close. Both of these Taverns were in this close. Lyon’s Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Lyon’s Close 215 High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh between Old Stamp Office Close and Jackson’s Close. Possible entrance to Hospice of Elsie Inglis. Elsie Inglis was born on 16 August 1864 in Nainital India she first moved with her parents to Edinburgh in 1878 In 1892 Elsie Inglis qualified as a licentiate at the Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons in Edinburgh and Glasgow. In 1904 the small hospital opened by the Inglis family moved to the 219 High Street and was renamed The Hospice. In 1905 Inglis was appointed senior consultant of the Bruntsfield Hospital, which then merged with The Hospice in 1911. Elsie Inglis died on the 26 November 1917, she is interned in Dean Cemetery in Edinburgh. From funds that had been raise previously the remainder was used to establish the Elsie Inglis Memorial Maternity Hospital in Edinburgh in July 1925 which later became a part of the Royal Infirmary and still bears her name. Jackson’s Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Jackson’s Close on the North side of the upper High Street Royal Mile is named after John Jackson’s and his family who lived in the close from circa 1570 to at least 1893 when they sold property in the close. This close ends at Cockburn Street where many close’s were either split in two or shortened by the building of Cockburn Street which was a thoroughfare to Waverley Rail Station. King Charles I Plaque Jackson's Close When King Charles I decreed that the protestant book of common order was to replaced by a new catholic influenced Service book, he didn’t reckon with the reaction of the Scots! The anger felt by the people reached its peak in the church of St Giles in Edinburgh on the 22nd July 1637. When the Dean conducting the service began to read from the new service book. An old woman named Jenny Geddes flung her stool at the Dean’s head crying “Dost thou say mass at my lug?” thereby ensuring her place in history as a Scottish heroine. Fleshmarket Close Edinburgh Fleshmarket Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Fleshmarket Close stretched from the High Street North to Market Street before Cockburn Street was built (circa 1860) it cut through many old closes that stretched from the High Street northwards, which evidence of can be seen in Fleshmarket Close where the smallest pub in Edinburgh can be found as well as Ginglin’ Geordies Tavern both on the north side of the severed close. On the High street side of the Fleshmarket Close was where Henry Dundas first practised as an Advocate and was to become the most powerful person in Scotland. Edinburgh’s Smallest Pub Halfway House Fleshmarket Close Edinburgh The smallest pub in Edinburgh can be found halfway down the north side of Fleshmarket Close on the way to the Market Street entrance of Waverley train station. This tavern offers real ale from all over Scotland. Jinglin’ Geordie’s Pub Fleshmarket Close Edinburgh Jinglin’ Geordie’s in Fleshmarket Close was named after George Heriot a famous Edinburgh Jeweller and Goldsmith 1563 – 1624. George Heriot was Jeweller and Goldsmith to King James VI. When George Heriot died he had no family so he left his estate to build a school for the education of “Puire fatherless bairns o the toun of Edinburgh” (poor fatherless children of Edinburgh). The school is still a centre for education and has been described as the school J.K.Rowling’s inspiration for Hogwarts in the Harry Potter books. The picture shows Jnglin’ Geordie’s Tavern looking up Fleshmarket Close to Cockburn Street. The short cut to the High Street Royal Mile from Market Street and Waverley Train Station Cockburn Street High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Link To Cockburn Street Next - Real Mary King's Close

Edinburgh New Town Market Street and East Market Street in Edinburgh is like one continuous road from the Mound and New Street running almost parallel with the Royal Mile The main access to Waverley Rail Station. Market Street Edinburgh The Street is named because there was a vegetable market on the northside where the Waverley Station stands. The Market gave way to the development of the station and the present Waverley Bridge in 1896. Looking towards the North Bridge down Market Street. Market Street begins at the Mound and ends at Jeffrey Street. Craig's close Craig's close which takes you half way up Cockburn Street. This close was famous for the Cape Club a secret gentleman's club with members such as Robert Fergusson, David Hume, Robert Burns, Walter Scott, James Hutton and Henry Raeburn. The club is no longer there. The Scotsman Steps The Scotsman Steps which take you to the North Bridge beside the Scotsman Hotel. 100 mtrs from the Royal Mile. The Edinburgh Dungeon The Dungeon is a ghost train with a historic story of Edinburgh, murderers and grave robbers The underground attraction with interactive rides historical events from Scottish history Edinburgh Dungeon The City Art Gallery and Cafe Edinburgh City Art Centre aims to encourage historic and contemporary Scottish visual and applied arts and help give everyone a journey into the world of art. There is also a Mimi's Bakehouse café available for food and drink. City Art Gallery The Fruitmarket Gallery Scotland's leading contemporary art Gallery that will have everyone enjoying art. Fruit Market Gallery Fleshmarket Close Fleshmarket Close takes you to the upper part of High Street near the Tron Kirk. Stop on the way up in the smallest pub in Edinburgh or Jinglin' Geordie's named after a famous Jeweller to the King click on sign for more Waverley Station Market Street Edinburgh EH1 1BB The entrance to Waverley Station which includes lift can be found on the north side of Market Street close to the North Bridge. Easy drop off and taxi pickup, Physic Garden Waverley Station, Edinburgh EH1 1BB From 1675 to 1763 the Edinburgh Physic Garden was near what is now platform 11 of Waverley Station. At the time it was close to the shores of a small lake, the Nor’ Loch. The site is now marked with a blue plaque. The garden had originally been established at Holyrood in 1670 by Sir Robert Sibbald and Sir Andrew Balfour, founder members of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. They were inspired to found it by similar gardens they had seen in France. It existed to provide medicinal plants and to teach botany to medical students. Two physicians, Robert Sibbald (1641-1722), seen below, and Andrew Balfour (1630-1694), altered the way in which medicine was practised in Edinburgh. They, with others, established the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, each was a founding Fellow and later became President. They had both travelled extensively in Europe during their studies of medicine. It is known that Sibbald met and stayed with the great Scottish gardener Morrison in Blois at the garden of the Duke of Orleans. East Market Street Edinburgh East Market Street Edinburgh East Market Street in Edinburgh was a connecting road to the Waverley Station with garages that were unused. Now it is a thriving area with cafes boutique shops and great views of Calton Hill. East Market Street starts just after the junction of Market Street and Jeffrey Street which is another way to the Royal Mile. East Market Street has a number of boutique style shops that are built under Jeffery Street. See below for a comprehensive list of the retail shops, Art Galleries, restaurants and accommodation. Also close to East Market Street the best entrance to Waverley Station as there is an elevator and escalators only one floor down to the Station concourse. The Taxi rank for the rail station starts just at the junction left under the bridge from the station exit. East Market Street East Market Street East Market Street in Edinburgh was a connecting road to the Waverley Station with garages that were unused. Now it is a thriving area with cafes boutique shops and great views of Calton Hill. Market Street the best entrance to Waverley Station and well positioned hotels. Edinburgh Council HQ Council headquarters. The sculpture of a man in a white shirt and black trousers standing on a multi-coloured scaffold tower created by Stephan Balkenhol German artist. The statue "man on the street". Next - Cockburn Street

University of Edinburgh from 1583 Edinburgh, university, medical, study, famous, students, Conan Doyle, Archibald Tait, William McEwan, General Reid, Concert Hall, Jex Blake, Elise Inglis, Walter, Old College, New Lidrary, Dick Vet, first Chinese Graduate and many other famous inventors and doctors. University of Edinburgh Kirk O’ Fields A description of the land and history of Kirk O’ Fields Prior to the building of the present college. In medieval Edinburgh the site of the University of Edinburgh where the Old College stands today belonged to the Abbey of Holyrood and at that time the 13th century collegiate Church of St Mary in the Fields stood on the same site. The area known at that time as Kirk o’ Fields. The church was damaged in 1544 by King Henry the VIII’s troops during the Burning of Edinburgh and became a ruin circa 1550. The University of Edinburgh was granted the site and opened in 1583. The Old College has not change since it was built in 1789. University of Edinburgh Old College Inscription; Academia Jacobi VI. Scotorum Regis Anno Post Christum Natum MDLXXXII Instituta; Sed Amplitudine Crescente Recens Extructa; Regnante Georgio III. Principe Munificentissimo; Urbis Praefecto Thoma Elder; Academiae Primario Gulielmo Robertson. Architecto Roberto Adam. MDCCLXXXIX." TRANSLATION The Academy of James VI. King of Scots was founded in the year after Christ, 1582; but was recently built with increasing scope; in the reign of George III. Most Generous Prince; Thomas Elder, Governor of the City; William Robertson, Principal of the Academy. Architect Robert Adam. 1789." University of Edinburgh Plaques There are a number of medallions on the walls of the Old College (known as the New College) in the quadrangle of the University of Edinburgh on South Bridge and also history story boards The medallions below give information on who the people of the medallions are. 1 Robert Rollock , born 1555 died 1599 first principal and first professor to teach at Edinburgh University 1583. He was previously the Regent of St Andrews University in 1580. 2 Robert Adam, Architect of the Edinburgh University New College 1789. 3 James Boswell, Advocate, traveller, journalist. In 1753-1758: Boswell attended the University of Edinburgh. Discovered by scholars in the 1920s, Boswell's long-lost journals was one of the major literary discoveries of the 20th century. In his detailed and honest journal entries from the early 1760's until shortly before his death, we get his unique first-hand observations of life and personalities in the second half of the 18th century. 4 James Miranda Barry lived as a man and is believed to be the first female graduate of the University of Edinburgh in 1812. She was also an army surgeon and Inspector General of hospitals in Canada. 5 William Henry Playfair Designed the quadrangle in the New University College 1815. 6 James Lorimer , Regius Professor of Public Law at Edinburgh University for 28 years. 7 William James He was invited to Edinburgh University to give a lecture at the Gifford Lectures 1901-1902 Gifford lectures appointment is one of the most prestigious honours in Scottish academia. 1 ROBERT ROLLOCK 4 MIRANDA BARRY 2 ROBERT ADAM 5 WILLIAM HENRY PLAYFAIR 3 JAMES BOSWELL 6 JAMES LORIMER 7 WILLIAM JAMES University of Edinburgh History The University of Edinburgh first opened in 1583 with one teacher and one class in an area called Kirk o’ Fields now known as the Old College in the South Bridge Edinburgh. Today the University of Edinburgh has five areas (campus). The University Central Area is primarily centred on George Square Edinburgh and Bristo Square Edinburgh. The King’s Buildings Campus was founded in 1920 and can be entered from West Mains Road Edinburgh and Mayfield Road Edinburgh, the Campus dedicated to Edinburgh University for the sciences. Western General Hospital is the University of Edinburgh’s centre for Molecular Medicine. Easter Bush Campus is for veterinary Studies, Little France Campus has two buildings, The Chancellor' Building is the Medical School and main undergraduate teaching and learning centre. The Queen's Medical Research Institute provides facilities for high quality interdisciplinary research. On top of the dome of the Old College stands a statue for over 100 years holding a torch called Golden Boy. Modelled by a local boxer Toni Hall and created by John Hutchison. in 1888, the 6 foot (2 m) statue was first unveiled to the residents of Edinburgh. University of Edinburgh Law School First Chair in Law Charles Areskine (Erskine) born Dumfries 1680 and went to the High School in Edinburgh before St Andrews University. He became regent of the University of Edinburgh at the age of 20 in November 1700 in 1707 became the first Chair in Law, the Regius Chair of Public Law and the Law of Nature and Nations. He also became Lord Tinwald, a Member of Parliament, served as Solicitor General and Lord Advocate and was Lord Justice Clerk until his death in 1763 at the age of 83. University of Edinburgh New College Plaque South Bridge Edinburgh The foundation stone was laid on the 16th November 1789. This plaque commemorates the 200th anniversary of the stone being laid. Talbot Rice Art Gallery Old College Quadrangle South Bridge Edinburgh The Talbot Rice Gallery was named after David Talbot Rice professor of Fine Art at Edinburgh University and an Art historian. In 1967 Talbot Rice became Vice Principal of the University of Edinburgh. He died in Edinburgh in March 1972. The Gallery can be found in the University of Edinburgh Old College on South Bridge. Entrance is in the far south west corner of the quadrangle. Talbot Rice King's Buildings University of Edinburgh The King's Buildings is a dedicated campus of Edinburgh University for the sciences. Science has been studied at Edinburgh University since the University was established in 1583. King George V, who endorsed the need for a dedicated science campus for the University laid the foundation stone for the first building in 1920 and the campus was named after him. The first building was for Chemistry and named after Joseph Black. Joseph Black FRSE FRCPE FPSG born 1728 and died at the age of 71. A physician and chemist, known for his discoveries of latent heat, specific heat, and carbon dioxide. The Zoology Building dates from 1928. David Brewster K.R. Statue University of Edinburgh King's Buildings David Brewster was born in Jedburgh a town in the Scottish Borders in 1781 and died in Edinburgh in 1868. David Brewster was one of the most important inventors of our time inventing the kaleidoscope, lenticular stereoscope, binocular camera, polyzonal lens, lighthouse illuminator, polarimeter. He also was instrumental in the development of fibre optics and lasers. His statue can be found in the King’s Buildings, one of the University of Edinburgh campus. University of Edinburgh The original site Blackfriars' Abbey Britain is becoming the Egypt of the North. A car park in England reveals a King and another in Edinburgh reveals a Knight. This is one of the first photographs of the Knight found in High School Yards Edinburgh. The Blackfriars' (Dominican) Friary once stood on the land. King Alexander 2nd brother of King David 1st son of King Malcolm 3rd built a church on the land and bestowed a royal residence to the monks in 1130. This is also near to where the murdered body of Mary Queen of Scot's husband, Lord Darnley, was found in 1567. The monastery and church were destroyed in 1558. What is now Infirmary Street, bottom left (Lady Yester’s Church). Where the Friary stood was the Royal High School and on the right side of the street was the Royal Infirmary and finally the University moved in and has two buildings, one where the church had been and the other where the friary had stood. Skeleton in the car park The skeleton was found in 2013 during renovations at the front of the University of Edinburgh building in Infirmary Street. This was the site of the Balckfriars Abbey then the famous Edinburgh High School where many famous names in history attended. The picture taken below was the first sight of the remains since buried, possibly over 500 years ago. This would have been the site of the Blackfriars Abbey burial ground McEwan Hall University of Edinburgh Graduation Hall William McEwan (16 July 1827 – 12 May 1913) was a Scottish politician and brewer. He founded the Fountain Brewery in 1856 which became Scottish and Newcastle Breweries Ltd. William McEwan presented The McEwan Hall to the University of Edinburgh in 1897. The building is based on an ancient Greek theatre. The McEwan Hall is the Graduating Hall of the University of Edinburgh and can be found in the Central Area South Campus in Bristo Square. William McEwan MP was a benefactor of the Medical School and Graduation Hall of Edinburgh University. Above the main entrance of the McEwan Hall can be seen a semi-circle with a scene with nine figures, showing a graduation. The figures are all dressed in academic robes and the central figure is of the rector on a raised platform placing a book on a graduate’s head signify the students graduation. Teviot Row University of Edinburgh Student Union In 1884 the Students’ Representative Council of Edinburgh University was formed. The Student Union Building was opened on the 19 October 1889. The Edinburgh University Students’ Association was founded in 1973 which is when all male and female students were automatically members of the union on joining Edinburgh University as a student. University of Edinburgh Edinburgh Medical School The Old Medical School Teviot Place Edinburgh has long been recognised as one of the leading and oldest Medical Schools in the world. The Medical School has links with 6 Nobel Prize winners. Edinburgh has had medical teaching from as far back as the early 1500s and The Royal College of Physicians was opened in 1681. Elsie Inglis Quadrangle University of Edinburgh Edinburgh Medical School Edinburgh University Medical School Elsie Inglis Quadrangle where all the plaques on this page can be found as well as the Anatomy Surgery and Museum. Sophie Jex-Blake Edinburgh 7 Sophie Jex-Blake, Isabel Thorne, Edith Pechey, Matilda Chaplin, and Helen Evans. Mary Anderson and Emily Bovell Sophia Jex Blake Sophia Louisa Jex-Blake born 21 January 1840 became a doctor and teacher. She was the leader of a campaign to secure women access to a University education. Known as the Edinburgh Seven when she and six other women banded together and protested outside the medical school. Which gave recognition to the women wanting to study medicine and the University of Edinburgh granted them the rights to study for a degree in medicine in 1869. She was the first practising female doctor in Scotland (1878). Living in 4 Manor Place Edinburgh she erected a brass plate inscribed with Doctor Sophia Jex Blake. The little outpatient clinic in Grove Street became the Edinburgh Hospital and Dispensary for Women. This was Scotland’s first hospital for women staffed entirely by women. Sophia Jex-Blake opened Edinburgh Provident Dispensary for Women and Children at 73 Grove Street in 1878. This was the fore runner of Bruntsfield Hospital. Bruntsfield Hospital was previously Sophia Jex Blake’s home and she sold it to the Hospital committee in 1899. The renovated it and made it into the first general hospital for women. The Hospital finally closed in 1989 Elsie Inglis Graduated from Edinburgh University in 1899 after Sophia Jex-Blake who she had an ongoing rivalry with, as Sophia Jex Blake had been the leader of the Edinburgh 7 group who fought for the right of entry for women to the Edinburgh medical School. Louisa Stevenson campaigned specifically for women to be allowed medical training and to qualify as doctors. She joined with Sophia Jex Blake to found the women’s medical college. Louisa later became a member of the executive committee of the National Union of Women’s suffrage society. University of Edinburgh Edinburgh Medical School Graduates of Note Richard Bright, Thomas Addison, Thomas Hodgkin each individual gave the first complete and accurate description of the medical condition which were named after them; Bright’s Disease (Acute post-streptococcal hemorrhagic glomerulonephritis described in 1836), Addison’s Disease (Adrenocortical insufficiency described in 1849), Addisonian Anaemia (Pernicious Anaemia Vitamin B12 deficiency described in 1849), Hodgkin’s Disease ( Lymphadenoma Hodgkin Lymphoma described in 1836). Edinburgh Medical School James Lind MD F.R.C.PE / F.R.S.E "The Hippocrates of Naval Medicine" James Lind born in Edinburgh in 1716 became a surgeon's mate and carried out experiments on sailors with scurvy and proved that citrus was a cure, however, the navy did not implement his findings for a further 40 years and when they did scurvy was eradicated from the navy. He retired from the Navy in 1748 at the age of 32 and enrolled in the University of Edinburgh for medical qualifications. Plaque inscription on plaque reads: The province has been mine to deliver precepts | the power is in others to execute | 1716 | 1794 | James Lind | MD. (Edin) r.c.p.e. f.r.s.e. |”the Hippocrates of naval medicine” | author of | a treatise of the scurvy | an essay on preserving the | health of seamen| an essay on diseases incidental | to Europeans in hot climates | these works led to the conquest | of scurvy the development of | modern naval hygiene and the / growth of tropical medicine / this plaque is presented in honour of | the first experimental nutritionist. |a great physician and scientist | by | the sunkist growers of citrus fruit | in California and Arizona | 22nd May 1953 University of Edinburgh Edinburgh Medical School North America During the 50 years between 1749 and 1799, 117 Americans received medical degrees from the University of Edinburgh Medical School. Included in the degree recipients were; John Morgan who founded the first North American Medical School. The Medical School of the college of Philadelphia. The first faculty were John Morgan, William Shippen, Casper Wistar, Adam Kuhn and Benjamin Rush Benjamin Rush and Dr John Witherspoon also degree recipients were both signatories of the declaration of Independence. University of Edinburgh McGill University This tablet has been erected by McGill University to commemorate the 250th anniversary of The University of Edinburgh faculty as a symbol of the historic bond between them and in memory of the four founders of the faculty of medicine of McGill University, William Caldwell, Andrew R Holmes, William Robertson, John Stephenson all whom received their training at the University of Edinburgh. James McGill was born in Glasgow Scotland on October 6, 1744 and founded the McGill University in 1821. University of Edinburgh Professor John Hughes Bennett Professor John Hughes Bennett MD Edin. Hon LLD Edin. FRCP Edin. FRSE 1812 – 1875. Professor of the institutes of medicine, University of Edinburgh. An outstanding physician, physiologist, pathologist and great teacher who in 1845 was the first to identify the disease leukaemia. Charles Darwin University of Edinburgh Charles Darwin lived at 11 Lothian Street while attending the University of Edinburgh, Medical School in 1825 for a 2 year period. He was unable to pass the exams and returned home. He was born 1809 in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England and died 1882 in Downe, Kent. His uncle, also Charles Darwin, died in Edinburgh at the age of 19 while attending the University in 1778. He achieved, and was given many accolades for his expertise in medical science. University of Edinburgh Famous Graduates Sir Robert Sibbald, Sir James Young Simpson, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Lord Henry Lister all graduated from the University of Edinburgh. Sir Robert Sibbald Professor of Medicine 1685 -1722 was founder of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. Sir James Young Simpson was a pioneer of anaesthetics, Professor of Midwifery 1810 -1870. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle was a medical graduate of the university author and creator of Sherlock Holmes, Lord Henry Lister was a founder of antiseptic and aseptic surgery regius professor of clinical surgery 1869 – 1877. All the plaques can be found in The Elsie Inglis Quadrangle of the Medical School in Teviot Place Edinburgh. University of Edinburgh Polish School of Medicine The Polish School of Medicine was founded on 24 February 1941 In an agreement between the University of Edinburgh and the Polish Government-in-Exile in London. At this time it was the only Polish higher educational institution in the world. here were more than 300 Polish students attended the school, 227 achieved a medical diploma and a further 19 graduated with an MD. The Inscription on the plaque reads; In the dark days of 1941 when Polish universities were destroyed and Polish professors died in concentration camps, the University of Edinburgh established the Polish School of Medicine. This memorial was set up by the students, lecturers and professors of the Polish School of Medicine in gratitude to the University of Edinburgh for the part it played in the preservation of Polish science and learning. JAKO WYRAZ WDZIECZNOŚCI UNIWERSYTETU EDINBURSKEIGO ZA UTWORZENIE POLSKIEJ PLACÓWKI NAUKOWEJ W EDYNBURGU PŁYTĘ TĘ OFIAROWALI STUDENCI WYKŁADOWCY I PROFESOROWIE POLSKIEGO WYDZIAŁU LEKARSKIEGO 1941 – 1949. Anatomical Museum 1884 Old Medical School The Museum of Anatomy in the Medical School in Teviot place is full of wonderful things and you can even see the murderer William Burke’s skeleton free of charge when open to the public. Museum of Anatomy Reid Concert Hall University of Edinburgh The Reid Concert Hall named after General John Reid was born John Robertson and was educated at the University of Edinburgh. He change his name to his mother’s maiden name of Reid. On his death he left a sum of money to the University for a Chair of Music to be established and other purposes. The Chair of music was established in 1839. The Reid Concert Hall was founded in February of 1858 and is part of the Reid School of Music. The Concert Hall is named after General John Reid in his honour. Edinburgh Southside George Square and Gardens Buccleuch Place University of Edinburgh Bush Estate Veterinary College The Bush Estate Professor O. Charnock Bradley Building and Kelpie sculpted by John Scott The inscription on the plaque reads; “CANTER” by Andy Scott | unveiled by | HRH, The Princess Royal | Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh and | Patron of the Royal (Dick) Vet School of Veterinary Studies | on 1st May 2018 | “Canter” by Andy Scott William Dick Founder Edinburgh Veterinary College William Dick was born in 1793 in White Horse Close in the Canongate. William Dick was educated at Mr Kesson’s school in Shakespeare Square which was located at the east end of Edinburgh at the foot of the North Bridge. The square was demolished in 1860. The first veterinary College was in Clyde Street on the site of where the present bus station is now. The College moved to the site of Summerhall, William Dick the Veterinary Science department is now at the Bush Estate. In 1906, the College was named the Royal (Dick) Veterinary College and became part of the University of Edinburgh in 1951. Royal Dick Veterinary College The Royal Dick Veterinary College known locally as the Dick Vet can be found in the internal square of what is now home to Edinburgh’s newest and biggest arts and science venue. Summerhall is open to the public all year around and there are theatre and gallery spaces, libraries and small museums, studios and workshops. There is also a Café and Bar. The Royal Dick veterinary College is part of the University of Edinburgh and is on the Bush campus. The original site was where one of the first of the many breweries in Edinburgh was opened. You can find out the history of the site and building on your visit. You can also see a working micro-Brewery and taste the beer if over 18 years old. University of Edinburgh Pollock Halls . The area that Pollock Halls Stands on had a house on the land known as Arthursley, this could have been renamed prior to the Dicks of Prestonfield purchased the house and land. The house purchased around 1770 was known as Salisbury Green . Later the Nelson (Neilson) family who owned the printers that stood nearby purchased the property in 1860 and built a further 2 property in 1869 called St Leonard’s Hall and Abden Hall. The properties were then purchased by Sir J D Pollock the rector of the University of Edinburgh in 1939 and later he gifted them to the university to be used as student accommodation. Salisbury Green is used as a Hotel and conference facility and St Leonard’s Hall is a wedding venue and function suite while Abden House was left for accommodation for the faculty it is now the Confucius Chinese Institute. University of Edinburgh Logo The medallion on the Mercat Cross in Parliament Square Royal Mile Edinburgh. University of Edinburgh New College The new college, Assembly Hall was built in 1846 as a Theological College, and a home for the Church of Scotland in 1929. The General Assembly is held here annually in May. This is also where in 1989 the majority of the Scottish members of parliament signed a document to claim the right for Scotland to have an independent parliament. The Assembly hall was used as a debating hall of the Scottish Parliament for 5 years between 1999 -2004. The Assembly Hall has also been used by the Edinburgh International Festival for many years. The Spire behind the Assembly Hall is The Hub on the Castlehill. In the main courtyard of the New College stands a statue of John Knox the leader of the protestant reformation and founder of the Presbyterian Church. Born in 1514 and died in 1572 his grave is in the car park of St Giles Cathedral. James Stuart Blackie Look up above the shops on North Bank Street to see the window with the memorial to James Blackie 1809 -1895 a University of Edinburgh Professor in Greek and German. He left 250, 19th century Greek books to the University Library which are still being used by students today. He was born in Aberdeen and studied in Germany and Italy. He was the inspiration behind the founding of the Celtic chair of the University of Edinburgh. The entrance to his house can be seen in Makars’ Court (Blackie House). Nobel Prize Winner Peter Ware Higgs University of Edinburgh Peter Ware Higgs and François Englert jointly won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2013 for their discovery of the “theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles”. In 2012 Peter Ware Higgs and François Englert carried out two experiments at the CERN laboratory Switzerland which confirmed the existence of the Higgs particle. About Peter Ware Higgs Professor Higgs PhD was born in Newcastle upon Tyne in May 1929 he graduated from King’s College London and continued his studies and graduated with a masters in Physics in 1952 two years later in 1954 he gained a PhD Peter Higgs was an affiliate of University of Edinburgh, at the time of his discovery. He has lived in Edinburgh since moving and is married with two sons. Peter Higgs has received many honours including a Knighthood which he rejected for personal reasons. The University of Edinburgh has named a chair after him and also a centre (The Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics). He is now a retired professor and grandfather living in Edinburgh. Nobel Prize Award The Nobel Prize award ceremony is held in Stockholm, Sweden annually where the award winners are presented with a diploma and a medal by His Royal Majesty the King of Sweden speeches and speeches honouring the Nobel Laureates and their discovery or work, this ceremony has been taking place since 1934. University of Edinburgh Bristo Square Central Campus Edinburgh University or to be correct University of Edinburgh is a large part of Edinburgh today and has been around for over 425 years. Below is the Central Campus meeting area Bristo Square where the graduation Hall sits centre stage. The Edinburgh University Student Union Building is close by, as is the Reid Concert Hall and many other places of learning. All students will with dedication take their place in the McEwan Hall of Graduation where their careers will start. University of Edinburgh Bristo Square The McEwan Lantern Pillar The Pillar was unveiled in 1897 at the time the McEwan Hall was opened. The Hall and Lantern were erected by donation from William McEwan. The Light is to signify the ever pursuit of Knowledge. Blue Plaque Women of Achievement Mary Crudelius Edinburgh Ladies’ Educational Association Mary Crudelius was a campaigner for women’s education and a supporter of women’s suffrage movement. She was born in 1839 to Scottish parents and was educated in Edinburgh She with another set up the Edinburgh Ladies’ Educational Association to help give equal educational opportunities for women. She died before her goal was achieved, for access to universities for women undergraduates which was achieved in 1892. Edith Mary Burnet was born in in 1888 and became Britain’s first qualified woman architect Mary Crudelius was her grandmother. Archbishop of Canterbury Archibald Campbell Tait Archibald Campbell Tait Archbishop of Canterbury from 1868 – 1882 was born in Edinburgh and this memorial is on the site of the house where he was born in December 1811. A student at Oxford University he later became a tutor at Balliol College in 1835. In 1842 he became headmaster of Rugby School. He became the Archbishop in 1868. The memorial can be found at the south end of the McEwan Hall. The inscription on the monument reads; To commemorate in his native country the piety the virtues and the wisdom of Archibald Campbell Tait Archbishop of Canterbury 1868 - 1882 Friends and admirers in Scotland have erected this monument on the site of the house which he was born. Next - Buccleuch Place Edinburgh

The Canongate was once seperate from Edinburgh. See all the attractions and history on the the northside of the Canongate. Where the Queen goes to church(Canongate Kirk) and where Golfersland stood. A Fudge Factory and Old White Horse Close. Canongate North Edinburgh Attractions Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh is named after the canons of Holyrood Abbey and the Scots word gait meaning “road”. The Canongate was a small district outside the Edinburgh City Walls. The lands and village of Herbegare, where the Abbey of Holyrood was built was given to the monks by King David I in 1128 and a road that extended from Herbegare, to the St John's Cross, this was known as Canon gait. Houses soon were built on both sides of the road and in time the name of Herbegare was lost and the name Canongate was taken in its place. The Canongate had walls around the town which was to define the town with gates that were closed at night (Watergate). This however was no protection against invaders and the Canongate area was burnt to the ground on several occasions first by Richard II circa 1380 then 1544, 1642, 1649, and finally by Cromwell and his army in 1651. Leith (Leytht) Wynd Cranston Street Edinburgh Leith Wynd or Leytht Wynd (1514) was a road that started on the North Side of the Nether Bow Gate at Cranston Street and continued to the back of the Canongate (Calton Road) near to the entrance of Waverley Station on Calton Road and was used by the coaches to London. I have included Leith Wynd in the Close’s of the Royal Mile as I felt that it gives an idea of how difficult it was to get into Edinburgh prior to the New Town and the draining of the Nor’ Loch. From the Head of the Canongate Leith Wynd traveled down to the foot of Caton Hll then west around the calton Hill to joint leith street. The Canongate Christian Institute The Canongate Christian Institute at 2 Cranston Street, Edinburgh, was a Christian mission opening circa 1878. This was a place of worship for the old town. It held gospel meetings and services until its closure in 1930. Mid Common Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Mid Common Close is one of three closes at the head of the Canongate. The other two were west common close and east common close neither survive. This was previously named Vietch’s Close. West Common Close was High School Close and East Common Close was Logan’s Close each of the close’s gave common access to the High School. These closes were like small communities in very narrow streets with up to 100+ family homes each of the closes were previously known by other names as the owners would dictate the close name. Morocco Land Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh The sculpture of a Moor faces forward with arms down at his sides supporting a blank shield. The sculpture was moved from its original position on an adjoining building when the present building was being redeveloped. The story of how the land (building) was named is that a young man Andrew Grey, an Edinburgh resident, was sentenced to death for rioting. He fled to Morocco and after a number of years made his fortune and returned home and was involved in saving the life of the daughter of the Provost who was perilously ill with the plague (presumably for this his sentence was commuted). He ended up marrying her and they made their home in the building where the little statue was erected. This came to be known to the locals as “Morocco Land”. New Street Royal Mile Edinburgh New Street or Young Street as it was first named after Dr Thomas Young who owned the Land. The access at the Canongate was private with chains and locks to prevent unwanted visitors to the street. In 1786 it was deemed a public street but was still chained until 1819 when the chains were taken away and access was available to all from the Canongate to Back of the Canongate North or now Calton Road. At the foot of New Street is a Doorway (Jacob’s ladder) to steps that will take you to Regent Road close to the Burns Memorial and the Calton Hill. The east side of New Street was the New Street Gasworks which was established in 1818. One of the first Gas Works in Britain. New Street was previously called Young Street (circa 1760) after Dr Thomas Young Professor of Midwifery at University of Edinburgh who lived on the east side at the Canongate junction. New Street was where the wealthy lived in detached houses with gardens. Names such as Dr Young, Lord Kames, Sir David Dalrymple, Lord Hailes, Lady Betty Anstruther, Miss Ramsay, daughter of the poet Allan Ramsay. This was a private street which had security chains attached to post to stop traffic. It became a public right of way in 1819 giving access from Canongate back of Canongate (Calton Road). Sibbald Walk Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Sibbald Walk was completed in 2017 with renovation to the housing and land which is now a Square with a Marketplace. Keeping with the tradition of the area. Named after Robert Sibbald who was the inspiration behind the Physic Garden (Royal Botanic Gardens) which lay at the foot of Leith Wynd and Calton Road not far from the foot of New Street Shoemakers’ Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Shoemakers’ Close is an old house built in 1725, four stories high in which the shoemakers used to hold their meetings. Over the entrance door is the shoemakers’ coat of arms cut in stone, a crown and rounding knife. Inscribed on the tablet is; 1725 blessed is he | that wisely do | TH the poor man’s | case consider Bible Land (1677) Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Bible Land is the name given to the land (building) on the Canongate which has the sculpture of an open book above the front door which contains part of Psalm 133 “Behold how good a thing it is and how becoming well together such as brethren are in unity to dwell”. There is also the following text “It is an honour for men to cease from strife. Bible Land was built for the Incorporation of Cordiner’s in 1677. The Cordiner’s were leather craftsman who were incorporated in 1544. Gladstone’s Court Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Gladstone Court was previously Bowling Green Close as a Bowling Green was through the archway. Later Magdalene Asylum was built where the Bowling Green was. Magdalene Asylum was for fallen women of Edinburgh. Edinburgh Royal Magdalene Asylum was founded in the Canongate in 1797. This was in Magdalene’s Entry. Magdalene Asylum then moved to the west of Edinburgh in 1842. (Springwell House). Magdalene’s Entry was renamed in honour of the Prime Minister William E Gladstone who was the Prime Minister of Britain on four occasions. There is also a memorial statue in Coates Crescent Garden and a street on the south side near The Meadows (Gladstone Terrace). Look for the concrete stone with Old Well inscribed on it. This is where the people of the Court would get there water for drinking and washing. More on Gladstone Memorial Old Tolbooth Wynd Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Old Tolbooth Wynd was named after the Tolbooth where tolls were paid for road use and other charges. First mention of the Tolbooth of the Canongate was in 1477. It was later extended in 1591 and was the municipal centre and Jail for the residents of the Canongate. The People’s Story museum opened in 1989 telling the history of the people and area. The inscription on the wall reads; S.L.B (Sir Lewis Bellenden) PATRIAE ET POSTERIS (Country and Posterity). The triangle above the Canongate coat of arms shield with date 1128 inscription reads; James VI | IVSTICIA ET PIETAS VALIDE SVNT PRINCIPIS ARCES ( Justice and Compassion are the Fortification of King) Tolbooth Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh The Tolbooth is a late 15th century building. It served only the Burgh of Canongate. A bronze wall tablet can be seen with the Canongate coat-of-arms and date 1128. The Tolbooth was the town’s jail and administrative centre. The western part of the Royal Mile the High Street was in Edinburgh and had its own Tolbooth which is no longer there. Its place is marked by the Heart of Midlothian. You can find a Tolbooth in most towns to this day but none are used as jails. The large bronze plaque is a memorial who died in the world wars. The People’s Story Museum Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh The Canongate Tolbooth is home to The People’s Story Museum, telling the story all about the people who have lived in Edinburgh from its beginning. People's Story Canongate Kirk Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh The present Canongate Kirk building opened in 1691. The first building now in ruins beside Holyrood House opened in 1128. This 17th century Canongate Kirk was designed by James Smith, The Canongate Kirk is unique among Scottish churches of this period. Buried in the churchyard are several famous Scots including the economist Adam Smith. The Queen, when in residence at the Palace of Holyrood House, will use this as her local place to worship. Princess Anne’s Daughter (Zara Philips) married England rugby union captain Mike Tindal here in June 2011. Canongate Kirk More About - Canongate Kirk Mercat Cross Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh The Mercat Cross originally stood in the middle of the road outside the Tolbooth and was moved next to the Tolbooth in the 1730s to make way for the increasing traffic. The Mercat Cross was moved to its present location in the early 1950s. Every town (Burgh) in Scotland had a Mercat cross, which would stand in the middle of a market square and on occasion be the place people would be chain for a crime and have rotten fruit and vegetables thrown at them by passers-by. The Cross was used as a pillory and had Jougs (neck and leg irons attached). Robert Fergusson Plaque inscription reads; Robert Fergusson was born just up the road in Cap & Feather Close (now demolished). He studied at the Royal High School, Dundee Grammar School and the University of St. Andrews. The death of his father cut short his life as a student. To support his widowed mother and family he returned home to Edinburgh in 1772 and took an ill-paid job as a copyist clerk in the Commissary Office. His poetic career lasted just three years. In 1774 he injured himself falling down a flight of steps and was incarcerated in the Edinburgh Bedlam as a madman. Despite his early death, he died at the tender age of 24, he packed an intense outburst of creative energy into the last years of his life. His poetry in Scots expresses the character spirit and very taste and smell of the Edinburgh of his day. Fergusson is so much the poet of Edinburgh that later figures including Robert Burns, R.L.Stevenson and Robert Garioch all acknowledged him as one of the sources of their inspiration. He is buried in this graveyard. He was nine years older than Robert Burns but they never met. Robert Burns on arriving in Edinburgh found Robert Fergusson had been buried here in a pauper's grave. He paid for the gravestone which you can see if you walk round the left-hand side of the church. Read on... "The Dark Days", "Caller Oysters", "To The Tron Kirk Bell" and "Auld Reikie Will Tak Yer Mind Into the Mirk O' Lang Syne" Plaque presented to our friends the people of Scotland, by the Burns Society of the City of New York and St. Andrew's Society of the State of New York. Canongate Kirk Burial Ground Royal Mile Edinburgh Among the people who are interred. in the Canongate graveyard are Adam Smith Economist and author of The Wealth of Nations, Sir William Fettes Lord Provost of Edinburgh, Tea and Wine Merchant and founder of Fettes College, Agnes MacAlees (CLARINDA) Robert Burns one true love – the love affair was to last until their death, David Rizzio Mary Queen of Scots private secretary, Robert Fergusson Royal Poet and inspiration to Robert Burns. David Riccio (Rizzio) Grave David Rizzio (Riccio) born 1533 – died 1566. Mary Queen of Scots’ private secretary and confidante, David Rizzio, was assassinated in the Palace of Holyrood House by Mary’s husband, Lord Darnley and a group of his allies on the 9th March 1566. This was his first steps to take over and rule as King. It was a short power struggle as Lord Darnley was murdered on the 10th February 1567, less than one year later. David Rizzio was of Italian descent from near Turin and was known as David Rizzio, David Riccio or David Rizzo. Adam Smith 1723 – 1790 Grave Adam Smith lived in Panmure House in Lochend Close in the Canongate and is buried in the Canongate Kirk Graveyard, behind the Canongate Kirk. Adam Smith was a Scottish moral philosopher and a pioneer of political economy. He was one of the key figures of the Scottish Enlightenment. In 1776 The Wealth of Nations, is considered his magnum opus and the first modern work of economics. Smith is cited as the father of modern economics. In 2009 Adam Smith was named among the “Greatest Scots” of all time, in a vote run by Scottish television. The inscription on the paving stone outside Canongate Kirk reads: HERE WITHIN THE CHURCHYARD | OF | CANONGATE KIRK | IS THE GRAVE | OF | ADAM SMITH | 1723 – 1790 | BORN IN KIRKCALDY FIFE | INTERNATIONALLY RENOWNED | ECONOMIST | AUTHOR OF | “THE WEALTH OF NATIONS” Robert Fergusson (Poet) Grave Robert Fergusson was the inspiration to Robert Burns to make him the poet he turned out to be. Robert Fergusson died at the age of 24 in 1774. Robert Burns, to show how much respect he had for his fellow artist, paid for his headstone and wrote his inscription. No sculptur’d marble here, nor pompus lie, No story’d urn nor animated bust; This simple stone directs pale Scotia’s way To pour her sorrows o’er her poet’s dust. Agnes Maclehose (Clarinda) Grave Agnes Maclehose (CRAIG) Agnes Maclehose (1759-1841) was known as Nancy. Nancy first came to Edinburgh to live in Potterrow near the corner with Marshall Street after her husband left her to make his fortune in Jamaica. Robert Burns first meet with Nancy on the 4th December 1787 at afternoon tea and the assignation started. Mishap and misfortune stopped them from meeting for some time but they wrote to each other regularly. The love affair was to last until their death but their last meeting was in December of 1791 when Nancy left for Jamaica to be with her now wealthy husband. Read the famous letters written with code names Nancy being (Clarinda), Rabbie being (Sylvander) and not to forget the love song to Nancy `Ae Fond Kiss’. Sir William Fettes Grave Tomb Sir William Fettes was born in 1750 and died in his home in Charlotte Square Edinburgh. A wealthy land owner with several estates, his main estate at Comleybank where Fettes School was built with money left in his estate to give free education to the poor fatherless children of Edinburgh. It was a boy’s only school until it went fully co-educational in 1981. William Fettes was knighted in 1804 and was Lord Provost of Edinburgh on 2 occasions. Dunbar’s Close and Gardens Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Dunbar’s Close was named after the owner of the tenement at that time, an Edinburgh lawyer David Dunbar. Take a walk through Dunbar’s Close for a look at a 17th century style garden with views of Calton hill, the Nelson Monument and Burns memorial in the background. On your right of the gates as you enter are Cadell House and Panmure House, the latter is where Adam Smith lived and died (1772-1790). Dunbar’s Close and Gardens Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh The Mushroom Trust Plaque reads; Dunbar Close Garden was laid out in the character of an Edinburgh 17th century garden in 1977 when it was donated by The Mushroom Trust of the City of old Edinburgh. Panmure Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Panmure House, is where the Jacobite Earl of Panmure had his town house and later the Countess of Aberdeen occupied the house before Adam Smith lived and died here from 1772 till 1790. Adam Smith is buried in the Canongate Kirk Graveyard and his statue is in the High Street near to St Giles Cathedral. The poppies on the gates were to show that this was the access to the Lady Haig Poppy factory between 1931– 1965. Access to Panmure house is at 115 Canongate Little Lochend Close. Cadell House Panmure Close CanongateEdinburgh William Cadell was born in 1668 and died in 1728. He was an Edinburgh merchant and freeman of Edinburgh. William Cadell’s grandson was a founder of the Carron Company Iron Works of Falkirk. The largest iron works of its type in Europe for circa 100 years. Cadell house was restored and converted to apartments in 1954. Panmure House Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Panmure House is now a museum, visitor attraction. The house was built circa 1685 for the Earls of Panmure as a town house with their main residence in Panbride Angus. Adam Smith purchased the property in 1776 after the death of his mother who he lived with in Kirkcaldy (this is where he wrote "The Wealth of Nation") from 1767. He lived in Panmure House till his death in 1790. Panmure House Lochend Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Lochend Close has two entrances and at one time there was Little Lochend Close and Lochend Close Lochend comes from being at the end of Calton Crags and the Nor Loch which was at that time in the parish of Restalrig. This name was given by the owner of the house at the end of the close William Ferguson of Loch end Restalrig. Also entrance to Panmure House. Reid’s Court Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Reid’s Court takes its name from Edinburgh brewer and magistrate Andrew Reid who lived here in the 1770s. The house was first the home to Lord Advocate Sir John Nisbet and was built in 1624. It is now the Manse where the minister of the Canongate Kirk lives. Campbell’s Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Campbell’s Close previously Rae’s Close. Campbell’s Close was named after George Campbell Bailie of the Canongate. Known as Campbell’s Land there were many famous lived here Archbishop of St Andrews Arthur Ross and the 13th and 14th Earl of Morton. Brown’s Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh The name of the Close comes from a Joseph Brown who was a baker and had premises further up the Canongate. He purchase Paterson’s Land (Golfer’s Land) which was a tenement and land from John Paterson who built the tenement with proceeds from a Golf match. Golfer's Land (Brown's Close) Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Brown’s Close or Golfer’s Land is a tenement building purchased with winnings from a 4 ball golf match between Baillie John Paterson and The Duke of York (King James VII) and two English noblemen. During the 1600s two English noblemen attached to the court of the Duke of York (to be King James VII) were challenged by the Duke to a golf match on Leith Links. The Duke’s partner was shoemaker John Paterson a descendent from a long line of golfers. The English noblemen were beaten and the Duke rewarded Paterson with the stakes that had been played for, which enabled Paterson to build a tenement building which he called Golfer’s Land. The building is no longer on the site as it was demolished in 1960. In 1664 Charles I (The Duke’s father) bestowed on the Duke of York the American provinces previously controlled by the Dutch now renamed in his honour, New York. The Duke succeeded to the crown in 1685, and died in 1701. In 1688, his wife Queen Mary gave birth to a son who was later to be father to Bonnie Prince Charlie. Golfer's Land Plaque On this site stood the tenement known as Golfer’s | Land. It was built in the 17th Century by the bailie John | Paterson. The golfer with, it is said, his share of | the stake from a Golf match when he partnered | The Duke of York (afterwards James VII) against two | English noblemen. The bronze coat of arms is a | copy of a stone carving which was built into | Golfers Land. Another panel with Latin inscription | by Dr Pitcairne, which may be seen in the courtyard | to the rear. Links the Paterson family with the | building and the name of golf. The Plaque with the coat of arms that shows a hand holding a golf club above a helmet and shield with three stars and three Swans the Paterson Coat of arms and an inscription that reads: (Top) Far and Sure (Foot) I HATE NO PERSON, an anagram of "John Patersone." Whitefoord House Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Whitefoord House ids part of Galloway's Entry where the Earl of Winton’s’ town mansion, better known as Lord Seytoun’s lodging in the Canongate. In front of the mansion, in which Sir Walter Scott lays some of the scenes of the “Abbot”. There was a tavern built chiefly of lath and plaster, known as “Jenny Ha’s”. The landlady was famous for her claret. Gay, the poet, is said to have frequented the tavern during his short stay in Edinburgh. It was a custom for the merchants and distinguished gentlemen of Edinburgh to adjourn after dinner parties, to enjoy claret and merrymaking at Jenny Ha’s. Forsyth’s Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Forsyth’s Close was a Coach Maker’s Yard owned by Alexander Forsyth who purchased the land in 1719 and passed on to his son also Alexander who was a coach maker in London. Forsyth’s Close now gives entry to Whitefoord House. Galloway’s Entry Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh John Galloway owned land and had a stable, Alexander Galloway also had Stables. The land of Forsyth’s Close and Galloway’s Entry with a now missing Ramsay’s Close all seem to have had stables on the land with two main Houses Callendar House to the west and Whitefoord House on the east both now veterans residence Whitefoord House being the site where the Earl of Winton had a mansion house which became known as Lord Seytoun’s Lodgings. The Plaque at the main entrance to the building reads; In memory of Charles M Pelham Burn First Chairman of this institution to whose personal influence and exertions is mainly due to the successful establishment of this residence for Veterans of the Navy and Army to whom its hospitality might be acceptable in the days of their old age and necessity. White Horse Close Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh The original owner of the land where White Horse Close stands was a Laurence Ord who built houses stables and a tavern (Ord’s Tavern) in a courtyard that was gated to the south and was named Laurence Ord’s Close. This was once where the Royal Mews was situated and Queen Mary kept her Horse which was a palomino (White Horse). The origin of the close being called White Horse Close. Laurence Ord sold the land and buildings to a John Mitchell in 1695 and he then sold it on to Nicol Graham in 1745 who in turn sold it on to John Davidson in 1752. On the walls in White Horse Close look for the plaques of William Dick founder of the Edinburgh veterinary college (The Royal Dick Vet) and Ord’s Tavern. The plaque can be found on the wall of the house at the back of the courtyard where the Inn was. This area was also said to have been used in 1745 by the officers of the Jacobite army prior to the battle of Prestonpans lead by Bonnie Prince Charlie. White Horse Close Ord's Inn (Tavern) The White Horse Inn at the back of White Horse Close (Ord’s Tavern) in the Canongate is where a plaque denotes that this was the first point when leaving by coach to London. This is not correct as records show that the coaches left from the Head of the Canongate, there is a White Horse Inn at the top of the Canongate which is connected to Boyd’s Entry and Boyd’s Close in St Mary Street or White Horse Close as it was often Called. There once was an entrance in the Canongate Boyd’s Close now Gullan’s Close and an entrance from Boyd’s Entry as there had to be stables for the horses and a place for the coaches. Boyd’s Entry is the original starting point for the coach and horses. There are a number of plaques that have been put up stating this, also when Boyd advertised the Inn for sale, it was advertised with stables for 100 horses and 20 coaches. The first coaches set of for London in 1712. William Dick (Plaque) White Horse Close Canongate Edinburgh The founder of the Edinburgh Veterinary College William Dick was born in 1793 in White Horse Close in the Canongate. William Dick was educated at Mr Kesson’s school in Shakespeare Square which was located at the east end of Edinburgh at the foot of the North Bridge. The square was demolished in 1860. The first veterinary College was in Clyde Street on the site of where the present bus station is now. The College moved to the site of Summerhall, William Dick the Veterinary Science department is now at the Bush Estate. In 1906, the College was named the Royal (Dick) Veterinary College and became part of the University of Edinburgh in 1951. The Girth Cross Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh The Girth Cross just like the Mercat Cross in the High Street, was a place for public proclamations, and executions. One of the most famous to take place here was that of the beautiful Jean Livingston (Lady Warriston), daughter to the Laird of Dunipace and wife of John Kincaid of Warriston. On the 2nd July 1600 she had Robert Weir, a servant of her father, batter her husband to death, an idea given to her by her nurse. Both the nurse and Lady Warriston were arrested and convicted of the murder of her husband, John Kincaid of Warriston. The nurse was burned on the Castlehill at 4 o’clock in the morning and at the same time Lady Warriston was beheaded by the “Maiden” (early type of guillotine) at the Girth Cross at the foot of the Canongate. This device, which can still be seen at the National Museum of Scotland in Chambers Street, Edinburgh, claimed over 150 victims during its period of use, including, Regent James Douglas 4th Earl of Morton, who originally introduced the “Maiden” from France. The servant Robert Weir was broken on the Breaking Wheel in 1603 for his crime (a brutal and agonising death). Russell House Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh Russell House was named after Sir Robert Russell for all the effort he took to have the building saved for posterity. This is an example of a 17th Century tenement that the local Edinburgh people of the time would have live in. The Canongate was founded in 1140. King David I gave permission to the Canons of Holyrood Abbey to create the Burgh and it became part of Edinburgh in 1856. Above the doorway on the lintel is inscribed WL MA 1697 this could be from another building as it was common for reuse of stone work. The initials would represent the name of the owner of the property and his intended wife and the date of their marriage). Russell House was built on what was the site of St Thomas’s Hospital built in 1541 by George Crichton. Watergate Canongate Royal Mile Edinburgh The Water Gate (Water Yett) was found at the foot of the Canongate on the north side near to White Horse Close. It was named the Watergate as a pond for watering horse dominated the area. There was a gated archway that stood across the road adjoining the buildings on the Canongate to the ones at the Abbey, some called Abbey Gate. The gate was locked at night for security. Next - Canongate Southside This is a list of the closes, entry's and courts that were in the Canongate prior to 1600. Some of the closes could have up to 250 people living in them. There are many different name signs in the Royal Mile each with a specific meaning. Wynd A narrow roadway open at both ends with housing on each side Street A Wynd that has been widened. Close A passageway to a courtyard or to another street which had housing of both sides Entry A way into a closed courtyard which had housing around the open courtyard Court A closed area with housing around the open courtyard Port A Gateway Canongate Northside Close's of the past and the ones that still remain Flesh Market Close Couls Close West Common Close Mid Common Close East Common Close Rae’s Close Morrocco’s Close Seton’s Close Kinloch’s Close Ayr Bank Close Jack’s Close Jack’s Court Shoemaker’s Close Bowling Green Close Aitken’s Close Tolbooth Wynd Bakehouse Close Dunbar’s Close Panmuir Close Brown’s Close Monro’s Close Lochend’s Close Reid’s Yard Campbell’s Close Sommervile’s Close, Malloch’s Close Forsyth’s Close Galloway’s Close Ramsay’s Close Duncan’s Close White Horse Close Next - Canongate South

High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh is the largest part of the old town with many attractions, and full of History. The Upper Southside has St Giles, Black Turnpice, Mercat Cross, Charles II Statue, John knox grave, And much more High Street Upper Southside Royal Mile All About Edinburgh High Street History High Street was the most populated part of Edinburgh, with tenement buildings up to 11 stories high. On November 15th 1824 a tenement of 11 stories on the upper or High Street West, southside caught alight and was the beginning of the worst fire in the history of Edinburgh. Starting at around 10 pm that evening the fire spread from the tenement in Assembly Close to buildings in Old Fishmarket close. Down to the Tron Kirk in the east. It also spread south along the Cowgate. The fire was finally extinguished the next morning 12 hours from when it had started. That was not the end, as another fire started at 10 pm that evening which destroyed what was left on the south side of the High Street. All but St Giles Cathedral and the Parliament buildings were saved. Over four hundred families were left homeless. High Street Upper Southside Royal Mile Edinburgh The High Street in the Royal Mile can be found between the Royal Mile Lawnmarket and the Royal Mile Canongate. The first part of the High Street, the upper High Street or High Street West is from the junction of St Giles Street and the cross roads at the North and South Bridges. In this section you will find West Parliament Square, the Signet Library, Parliament House, Charles II Statue, Heart of Midlothian, St Giles Cathedral, John Knox Statue and grave, Mercat Cross, Advocates Close, Edinburgh City Chambers, Real Mary Kings Close, Tron Kirk and many close's and courts. Which are all below. West Parliament Square Parliament Square Barrie's Close Borthwick's Close Royal Mile Old Assembly Close Royal Mile Covenant Close Royal Mile Burnet's Close Royal Mile Bell's Wynd Royal Mile New Assembly Close Royal Mile Stevenslaw's Close Royal Mile Marlin's Wynd Hunter Square Blair Street West Parliament Square High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh West Parliament Square High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh is the Square on the west of St Giles Cathedral. A statue of the 5th Duke of Buccleuch stands in the middle with the houses of Parliament, Signet library, St Giles Cathedral (west entrance) and the County Building on three sides. In the cobbles are the Heart of Midlothian, dates on cobbles near the statue and brass cobbles showing the outline of the old Tolbooth. Above the the door to St Giles Cathedral are statues of kings and bishops. Lothian Chambers West Parliament Square Royal Mile Edinburgh The Lothian Chambers Building was built in 1904 and was used for the administration of Midlothian Council. The building is now used as a venue for marriages. On the corner of the building at the Lawnmarket is a plaque showing the place where the last person in Edinburgh was hanged. A man in his early 30’s battered and slit the throat of a 23-year-old girl in a crime of passion. The brass cobbles in the street show where the gallows were 5th Duke of Buccleuch Statue West Parliament Square Royal Mile Edinburgh The statue of Walter Francis Montagu Douglas Scott (1806 – 1884) the 5th Duke of Buccleuch and the 7th Duke of Queensbury was erected in West Parliament Square Edinburgh High Street in 1888. The Duke of Buccleuch was born in Dalkeith House Midlothian and was a very wealthy land baron. He became the Duke on the death of his father at the age of 13. He was knighted in 1835 and served in Prime Minister Peel’s government in the 1840s. There is still a Duke of Buccleuch to this day, the 10th Duke of Buccleuch and the 12th Duke of Queensbury lives in Drumlanrig Castle. He is also the Chief of Clan Scott. Drumlanrig Castle is home to the world renowned Buccleuch Art collection. The Castle and Estate can be found south of Sanquhar in Dumfriesshire off the A76. Signet Library West Parliament Square Royal Mile Edinburgh The Signet Library building was completed in 1822 for the historic visit to Edinburgh and Scotland of King George IV. On his visit he described the upper library as “the finest drawing room in Europe”. The Signet library is the home of the Society of Writers to her Majesty’s Signet an association of Scottish lawyers. Which is believed to be the oldest professional society in the world. The earliest recorded use of the Signet was in 1369. West Parliament Square High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Dated Cobbles There are two sets of cobbles in West Parliament Square one set has dates 1386, 1610 and 1678 in the Cobbles beside the statue of 5th Duke of Buccleuch. the other set are near the Heart of Midlothian cobbles with dates 1386, 1430, 1610. The date 1386 represents The rebuild of St Giles and the Tolbooth after Richard II had Burnt Edinburgh in 1385. In 1610 an extension was built to the tolbooth for prisoners. In 1678 a further extension was built to the tolbooth where an older part had been previously demolished. The only historic fact that I can relate 1430 to is on the 16th October 1430, James I of Scotland son was born at Holyrood Abbey in Edinburgh later to become James II Heart of Midlothian Royal Mile High Street Edinburgh The Heart of Midlothian is a heart-shaped mosaic built into the pavement next to St Giles on the High Street. Together with brass markers set into the pavement, it records the position of the 15th-century Old Tolbooth demolished in 1817, which was the administrative centre of the town, the prison and one of several sites of public execution. Some people spit on the heart. Although it is now said to be done for good luck, it was originally done as a sign of disdain for the former prison. The brass cobbles mark where the Tolbooth stood. St Giles Cathedral High Street Edinburgh There are records that show a parish church being in Edinburgh in 854 A.D. The parish church of Edinburgh was formally dedicated by the bishop of St Andrews on 6 October 1243. The parish church of Edinburgh was subsequently de-consecrated and named in honour of the patron saint of Edinburgh, St Giles. St Giles a Greek Holy man who settled in the south of France in the 7th century and was said to be associated with the early Frankish Kings, in particular Charles Martel (688–741). St Giles is seen in the carving above the west door of St Giles Cathedral Edinburgh (pictured below).He is said to have stopped a hunter’s arrow with his hand and saved a deer. There are many stories of St Giles and his miracles throughout history. St Giles later became the patron saint of both Edinburgh and the Cathedral now known as St Giles Cathedral. He died on the 1st September 721 A.D St Giles Cathedral There are two doors to St Giles Cathedral the West Door which is now the main entrance and has statues of Kings and Bishops above it and the East Door once the main entrance but now seldom used. Above the the east door can be seen one of very few statues of St Andrew, who is the patron saint of Scotland. The west door of St Giles Cathedral was originally the back door, but over time with more space in West Parliament Square for the people to congregate before and after services the west door was adopted as the main entrance. Above the door there are a number of statues and in the centre a carved stone of St Giles with a Roe that he had saved from a lethal arrow with his hand. The many statues are of Kings and clergymen of St Giles Cathedral. BISHOP WILLIAM FORBES. Left of picture Bishop William Forbes In 1634 William Forbes became the first bishop of Edinburgh, with St Giles as his Cathedral. Bishop Forbes Died on the 12 April 1634 shortly after becoming the first bishop of Edinburgh. Bishop William Forbes is buried in St Giles Cathedral. ALEXANDER HENDERSON Right of picture Alexander Henderson a Presbyterian minister moved from his parish in Leuchars, St Andrews to become the minister of the High Kirk of St Giles in Edinburgh. When King Charles visited Scotland in 1641 Alexander Henderson was appointed Dean of the Chapel Royal at Holyrood. He was also instrumental in the writing of the National Covenant and became the Moderator of the general assembly on more than one occasion. He died in Edinburgh in 1646 and is buried in Greyfriar’s Churchyard Edinburgh. KING JAMES I (centre of picture) James I became King on the death of his father in 1406 but he was not crowned at Scone Palace until 1423. The reason for the 17 years’ delay in his being crowned was that he was imprisoned in London. While in prison his uncle Robert of Albany ruled Scotland and was happy for James to remain in prison hoping that one day he or his son Murdoch would become king. When James was released at age 30 he took over as king. He then began restoring the monarchy and forfeited the lands of the rebellious nobles including the Dukes of Albany. He was a strong leader and introduced social and economic legislation and founded the Scottish Court of Session. In 1437 James was killed in a Dominican Monastery in Perth. KING JAMES VI of SCOTLAND AND I OF ENGLAND (right of picture) James son of Mary Queen of Scots and Henry Darnley, was born in Edinburgh Castle in 1566. James became the youngest King of Scotland at the age of thirteen months. In 1603, he also became king of England and Ireland. He continued to reign in all three kingdoms for 22 years. In 1605 a small group of Catholics, led by a man called Robert Catesby, devised a scheme to kill James and as many members of Parliament as possible. Catesby's plan involved blowing up the Houses of Parliament on 5th November as in the Guy Fawkes rhyme, “Remember Remember the 5th of November gunpowder treason and plot”, Catesby being Guy Fawkes. The 5th of November was chosen because James was due to open Parliament on that day. At 57 years and 246 days, his reign in Scotland was the longest of any previous King. James died in 1625 at the age of 58 and is buried in Westminster Abbey. ROBERT THE BRUCE King Robert I (left of picture) Robert I, known as Robert the Bruce, became King of Scots on 25 March 1306. At the Battle of Bannockburn in June 1314, he led a Scottish army and defeated the English army lead by Edward II. To confirm an independent Scottish monarchy in 1320 a letter was sent to Pope John XXII declaring that Robert the Bruce was their rightful monarch. This letter was the 'Declaration of Arbroath' and it asserted the antiquity of the Scottish people and their monarchy. In 1324 Robert the Bruce received papal recognition as king of an independent Scotland. Robert died on 7 June 1329. He was buried in Dunfermline Abbey and his heart is buried in Melrose Abbey. GAVIN DOUGLAS (left of picture) Gavin Douglas was born in 1474 at Tantallon Castle, Dunbar East Lothian. Gavin Douglas was a Scottish Bishop,royal court poet, courtier and translator. Gavin Douglas was appointed provost of St. Giles Church, Edinburgh, around 1501 and is best known for his translation of Virgil's Aeneid into Scots, the English language of the lowlands of Scotland. He was made bishop of Dunkled in 1516 and died in London in 1522. JOHN KNOX (right of picture) John Knox was born in the Haddington area of East Lothian in approximately 1514. He was appointed minister of the Church of St. Giles in 1560. John Knox was married twice and his second marriage in 1564 was not looked upon favourably because John Knox was 50 and his new wife was only 17. He was considered to be the greatest Reformer in the history of Scotland. Knox died on 24 November 1572 in Edinburgh, his epitaph: "Here lyeth a man who in his life never feared the face of man, who hath been often threatened with dagger, but yet hath ended his dayes in peace and honour." KING DAVID I. (Below-centre of picture) David was born in 1084, he spent many years in the court of Henry I, which gave him a good education. David became King of Scotland in 1124 on the death of his brother. He established the feudal system in Scotland. He also introduced many novel ideas such as silver coinage and promoting education. He also carried on his brother’s quest to build many Abbeys which included Holyrood Abbey and Inchcolm Abbey. David died peacefully in Carlisle in 1153 at the age of 69 and is buried in Dunfermline Abbey. During his reign he founded The Abbey of Holyrood in 1128 and built the Chapel in Edinburgh Castle a memorial to his mother Queen Margaret who died in 1093. Later becoming Saint Margaret in 1250. KING ALEXANDER I. (Above-left of picture) Alexander I was born in 1078 and was the eldest brother of three David I and Alexander III his brothers. Alexander I established an Augustinian priory at Scone sometime between 1114 and 1122. In 1123 Alexander I on a journey had to shelter on Inchcolm Island in the Firth of Forth during a storm, he promised to build a monastery in thanks for being saved from the storm but died in 1124 before being able to keep his promise. His brother David I kept his brothers promise and invited Augustinian canons to establish a priory on the island and it later became an Abbey in 1235. Alexander I died in Stirling on the 23 April 1124 and is buried in Dunfermline Abbey. KING ALEXANDER III (Above-right of picture) Alexander was born on the 4 September 1241. He was King at the age of 7 from 1249. At 21 he formally approached the Norwegian King Haakon for the Western Isles which Haakon rejected. In 1263 King Haakon died and his successor agreed to the Treaty of Perth by which he gave the Isle of Man and the Western Isles to Scotland in return for a large sum of money. Norway kept control of Orkney and Shetland. Alexander died when he fell from his horse in Kinghorn in Fife on 18 March 1286. Travelling on his way from Edinburgh to visit his Queen on her birthday, which was the next day. In 1886, a monument to Alexander III was erected at the approximate location of his death in Kinghorn. Alexander was buried in Dunfermline Abbey in 1286. Parliament Square High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Parliament House was completed in 1639. The inauguration of the supreme court of Scotland was by King James V in 1532. On the east of Parliament Square was previously where Parliament Close (1816) once stood prior to the great fire of 1700 and where the Bank of Scotland opened and incorporated by royal charter in 1695 before burning down 5 years later. Now the square has the law courts and St Giles Cathedral east door which was the original front entrance. A carved statue high above the door to the south depicts St Andrew. To the right stands the Mercat Cross. The Statue opposite is of James Braidwood father of the Fire Service, further to the rear of St Giles is the oldest lead statue of Charles II on horseback and further round is the grave of John Knox. Parliament Square Royal Mile Edinburgh Saint Andrew (above the east door) When visiting St Giles Cathedral take a walk round the exterior and see the many carvings. High above the east door of St Giles Cathedral stands a carved statue of St Andrew holding two fish. Below the statue an angel holds a scroll with his name carved on it and above two angels hold a shield with the cross of St Andrew. You will also see a number of other carvings above and around the doorway which dates from the late 1380s. You will find shields with the crosses of St George and St Andrew, and decoration of Thistles, Roses and Fleur de Lis. Also shields with coats of arms that include James VII and Queen Anne. John Knox High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh The small stone above the number 23 in a council parking space marks the position of John Knox grave, in the once graveyard of St Giles Cathedral. (Now a council car park). John Knox was a very important part of the history of the church in Scotland and was behind the Government in 1560 severing contact with the Pope and catholic faith. He was the head of the Scottish reformation and from 1559 till his death in 1572 was the minister of the High Kirk of St Giles, in Edinburgh. The statue of John Knox can be seen in the quadrangle in the New Library on Mound Place. King Charles II (May 1630 –Feb 1685) Royal Mile High Street Edinburgh King Charles II Statue dressed as a Roman Emperor on horseback is the oldest lead cast statue in Great Britain. The statue of King Charles II stands in Parliament Square behind St Giles Cathedral and was first erected in 1685. JAMES BRAIDWOOD High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh James Braidwood 1800 – 1861 is known as the father of the British Fire Service, James Braidwood was born in Edinburgh and founded the world’s first municipal fire service in Edinburgh in 1824. A statue of James Braidwood can be seen in Parliament Square and is dedicated to his memory. He was a pioneer of the scientific approach to fire-fighting, an approach that has saved lives all over the world. James Braidwood 1800 – 1861 Father of the British Fire Service This statue is dedicated to the memory of James Braidwood, a pioneer of the scientific approach to fire-fighting. It also recognises the courage and sacrifice of fire-fighters, not only in Lothian & Borders Fire and Rescue Service, but all over the world. In 1824 Edinburgh suffered two disastrous fires which destroyed much of the old city. As a result the city council decided to create the world’s first municipal Fir Brigade and James Braidwood was appointed to take command. Quickly establishing an effective service, he developed new techniques, many of which are still used today. In 1832 he left his native Edinburgh to establish London’s first full-time Fire Brigade. Always to the front of the action He died Fighting in London’s Tooley Street in 1861. Barrie's Close | Steil’s Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh This close has had many names and changed after the 2 separate fires of 1824 and 1700. Known as St Monan’s Wynd after a chapel that stood in the Wynd, Also Hangman’s Close as the city’s Hangman lived here and Steil’s Close after Patrick Steel a merchant, Later to be New Bank Close and Barry’s Close and Back of Parliament Close. This close still survives as it stood from the 1600s from the south east corner of Parliament Square previously Parliament Close in an L shape into Old Fishmarket Close which previously had two entrances from the High Street in a Y shape and one entrance from the Cowgate. Adam Smith Statue High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Adam Smith's 1723 – 1790 statue stands beside the Mercat Cross in the High Street, Royal Mile Edinburgh. Adam Smith lived in Panmure House in Lochend Close, in the Canongate and is buried in the Canongate Kirk Graveyard, behind the Canongate Kirk. Adam Smith was a Scottish moral philosopher and a pioneer of political economy. He was one of the key figures of the Scottish Enlightenment. In 1776 The Wealth of Nations, is considered his magnum opus and the first modern work of economics. Smith is cited as the father of modern economics. In 2009 Adam Smith was named among the "Greatest Scots" of all time, in a vote run by Scottish television. Edinburgh Mercat Cross Parliament Square High Street Royal Mile The Mercat Cross was first mentioned in 1365 when the cross stood in the middle of the High Street down from St Giles Cathedral. In 1885 the cross was placed on a new octagonal drum substructure at its current location. The use of a Mercat Cross in Scotland was for important civic announcements. In Edinburgh government proclamations that affected all of Scotland were also publicly read at the cross, for example, announcements concerning successions to the monarchy and the calling to parliament. Which are still announced to this day from the Mercat Cross in Edinburgh. The only Mercat Cross that remains in its original form and position can be found in Prestonpans East Lothian. The Unicorn is the ancient emblem of Scotland and stands at the top of the Mercat Cross. Mercat Cross Edinburgh Mercat Cross Door The door that can be seen in the picture above is the entrance to the steps that take you to the platform that is surrounded by a parapet where the announcements are made. Above the door of the Cross there is a Latin inscription which was written by William Gladstone. Medallions Edinburgh Mercat Cross High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh The Medallions that are around the Edinburgh Mercat Cross are not the originals. The original medallions can be seen in Sir Walter Scott's House in Melrose. Abbotsford House is where Walter Scott lived in his later years and died. CITY OF EDINBURGH COAT OF ARMS IRISH COAT OF ARMS LEITH COAT OF ARMS ROYAL COAT OF ARMS OF BRITAIN ENGLISH COAT OF ARMS SCOTTISH COAT OF ARMS UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH COAT OF ARMS CANONGATE COAT OF ARMS UNICORN OF SCOTLAND Mercat Cross Cobbles High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh The location of the Edinburgh Mercat Cross between 1617 and 1756 can be seen in an octagonal arrangement of cobble stones on the pavement outside the entrance to Old Fishmarket Close in the High street Edinburgh. This was the second position in which the Mercat Cross had stood, the first being in the centre of the road further down the High Street. Old Fishmarket Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh The location of the Edinburgh Mercat Cross between 1617 and 1756 can be seen in an octagonal arrangement of cobble stones on the pavement outside the entrance to Old Fishmarket Close in the High street Edinburgh. This was the second position in which the Mercat Cross had stood, the first being in the centre of the road further down the High Street. Adam Smith stands to the right of the close. Old Fishmarket close was one of the casualties of the Great 1824 fire as it was destroyed. Other facts about the Old Fishmarket Close are Edinburgh’s residents would buy their fish and poultry. George Heriot known as “Jinglin’ Geordie”, the kings Jeweller and the founder of George Heriot’s Hospital (school), the school J K Rowling described as Hogwarts in the Harry Potter books and Films. This was also a close that housed the first firefighting appliance. Lothian & Borders Police Information Centre & Museum This is the place for people to report crime get directions and information on all aspects of the Police force and their duties. There is also an exhibition of the history of the Police in Edinburgh the criminals like William (Deacon) Brodie the raffles of his time. Burke and Hare the serial Killers for money. Borthwick’s Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Borthwick’s Close originally called Lord Borthwick’s Close who built a house here circa 1450 to be close to the Scottish Parliament building and the signet being and advocate and siting in the parliament. The Borthwick clan were related through marriage to Henry VIII and were close to the royal courts of the kings of Scotland and England. Also see Borthwick Castle in Midlothian where the Borthwick’s lived over the centuries. Old Assembly Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Old Assembly Close Edinburgh was the first place for the high society of Edinburgh to have formal dances to met the opposite sex. The founder of the University of Edinburgh Library, Clement Little lived here as did his brother William Little who was Lord Provost of Edinburgh in 1591. Scene of the great fire of 1824. When a fire started and raged for over 3 days spreading down to the Tron and up to Parliament Square which destroyed over 400 family homes. Old Assembly Close Dancing Assemblies were held in the hall from 1720 to 1766. (Described by Goldsmith) Residence of Clement Little Founder of The University Library. And his brother Provost William Little. Covenant Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Covenant Close was named after a mansion house where the national covenant was kept for signing. The Scots people wishing to keep their identity both religious and national. Started a movement against Archbishop Laud and his beliefs to reform the church. A ceremony took place in Greyfriars Kirk Edinburgh In February of 1638 which all the Scottish Noblemen, Hierarchy, Ministers and Officials attended and signed the National Covenant, which committed them under God to preserving the purity of the Kirk. The National Covenant was a protest against interference with the religion of the free people. The mansion later became a Tavern. Burnet’s Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Burnet’s Close was named after Samuel Burnet, a brewer and wealthy merchant of Edinburgh, The close was also Johnston’s Close, after Bailie James Johnston, deacon of the Hammermen also lived here. The Close has changed name many times through the years as the properties changed hands. Bell’s Wynd High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Bell’s Wynd known as Clam shell Land, named after John Bell a brewer who lived and had a tenement in the wynd circa 1529, later George Crichton, Bishop of Dunkeld stayed in the house of John Bell who had Bell’s Brewery in the Pleasance. High Street Wellhead High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh The High Street Wellhead can be found up from the Tron Kirk in the High Street Edinburgh. The High Street Well Head is where the people of Edinburgh would collect their water as the only water came from the reservoir at Castlehill and was piped to the cisterns (well heads) one in the Lawnmarket, two in the High Street and one in the Grassmarket then later one in the Canongate. New Assembly Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh New Assembly Close in the High Street, Royal Mile was where the mansion of Murray of Blackbarony circa 1580 Ancestor of the Lord’s of Elibank. It was also where the commercial Bank of Scotland was housed The Assembly Hall moved here in 1766 – 1784 and the Edinburgh Waxworks Museum from 1976 – 1989. Stevenlaw’s Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Little is known about this Close as it was demolished due to Edinburgh’s Great Fire of 1824 when the south side of the high street was almost all completely burned in the fire. The fire started in a tenement in Old Fishmarket Close and spread quickly down to the Cowgate and to the Tron Kirk. The Blaze lasted over two days and hundreds of families were made homeless. It is said the close was named after a follower of Queen Mary in 1571 who she honoured with the Close being given his name Steven Law. Over time names were changed due to miss spelling. City Guard House High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Edinburgh City (Town) Guard was constituted by the Edinburgh Town Council in 1648 however an armed guard was not in place until 1679. The City Guard House was situated in the High street across from Stevenslaw Close. The Guard House was demolished in 1817 after the disbandment of the guard in the same year. In the cobbles on the high street is the outline of the old Guards House opposite Stevenslaw Close. The Cobbles show the outline of where the the old guard House stood in the High Street prior to 1817 Hunter Square High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh, Sir Chris Hoy Gold Mail Box Sir Chris Hoy MBE, won his first Olympic gold medal in 2004. He won 3 Olympic gold medals in Beijing and was knighted by the queen in 2009. In the London Olympics of 2012 all British gold medal winners also received a post box painted gold in their home city/town. Sir Chris Hoy won 2 gold medals and there are 2 post boxes in Edinburgh one in Hunter Square of the Royal Mile and the other in Hanover Street across from the Art Galleries at the foot of The Mound. Chris Hoy is Scotland’s most successful Olympian. Sir Chris Hoy was educated at George Watson and Edinburgh University. With 6 Olympic gold medals and 11 world championships he is most definitely a world sports superstar. Marlin’s ( Merlyoune) Wynd High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Marlin’s Wynd is below the level of the present streets as Mary King’s Close is. Marlin’s Wynd was to the west of the Tron Kirk and ran down to the Cowgate. Named after John Merlyoune (Marlin), who was in charge of paving the High Street. He requested in memory of his work that he would be buried underneath the paving stones. He was buried at the head of the Wynd (which was named after him) by paving stones in the shape of a grave. Other writings mention that the High Street was paved in 1532 by two brothers John and Bartoulme Foliot. Also a John Merlyoune was first to pave Marlin's Wynd 1542. Blair Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Blair Street was formed when the South Bridge was being built in 1768. To give access to the Cowgate from the High Street, at that time Marlin’s Wynd and Pebble's Wynd were demolished in 1785 with the west side of Niddry Street. Blair Street as Hunter Square was named after Lord Provost Sir James Hunter Blair. Marlin’s (Merlyoune) Wynd Marlin’s Wynd is below the level of the present streets as Mary King’s Close is. Marlin’s Wynd was to the west of the Tron Kirk and ran down to the Cowgate. Named after John Merlyoune (Marlin), who was in charge of paving the High Street. He requested in memory of his work that he would be buried underneath the paving stones. He was buried at the head of the Wynd (which was named after him) by paving stones in the shape of a grave. Other writings mention that the High Street was paved in 1532 by two brothers John and Bartoulme Foliot. Also a John Merlyoune was first to pave Marlin's Wynd 1542. Tron Kirk High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Looking from the North Bridge and down the High Street during the Edinburgh Festival in August with the Tron Kirk in the distance. The Tron kirk was founded by King Charles I as the congregation at St Giles require a church due to St Giles now being a cathedral. The Tron Kirk was built circa 1644. Due to the Great fires in 1824 the Tron’s Steeple was burnt down and rebuilt in 1824 The Tron was closed as a church in 1952. The area beside the Tron was the original place for bringing in the bells (celebrating the changing of the old year to new). The Inscription on the wall tablet tells of the spire being burnt and rebuilt. Tron Kirk Next - High Street Upper Northside

Royal Mile is the number one Edinburgh attraction with museums, historic buildings, cafes, restaurants, bars, tourist shops and at the top of the Royal Mile is Edinburgh Castle, with the Palace of Holyrood House at the foot. Everything is on the All About Edinburgh site. Royal Mile Edinburgh Castlehill, Lawnmarket High Street, Canongate Abbey Strand Horse Wynd All About Edinburgh Edinburgh Royal Mile Edinburgh Royal Mile and Edinburgh Castle are the most famous place in the world with over 2 million visitors a year. The Royal Mile is the name for 6 streets that links Edinburgh Castle with the Palace Holyrood House. Edinburgh Castle is where it all began. The Six Parts to Royal Mile Edinburgh From the Edinburgh Castle a short street Castlehill joins the Lawnmarket, which joins to the High Street which is the largest of the streets of about 500 m. with shops restaurants, cafes, attractions, museums, pubs and places to stay its like a town on its own as it was in the 16th century with over 40,000 residents. Royal Mile Castlehill Edinburgh Royal Mile High Street Edinburgh Royal Mile Lawnmarket Edinburgh Royal Mile Canongate Edinburgh Royal Mile Abbey Strand Edinburgh Royal Mile Horse Wynd Edinburgh Arthur Seat and Queens Park Castlehill (Northside) Royal Mile Ramsay Lane Ramsay Garden Skinner's Close Semple's Close Jollie's Close Castlehill (Southside) Royal Mile Castle wynd North Cannonball House Close Boswell's Court Lawnmarket (Northside) Royal Mile Milne's Close Milne's Court Jame's Court (west entry) (Mid Entry) (East Entry) Lady Stair's Close Makars' Court Wardrop's Close Lawnmarket (Southside) Royal Mile Upper Bow Johnston's Close Riddle's Close Fisher's Close Brodie's Close Buchanan's Close High Street ( Upper Southside ) Royal Mile Edinburgh West Parliament Square Royal Mile Parliament Square Royal Mile Steil’s Close | Barrie’s Close Old Fishmarket Close Royal Mile Borthwick’s Close Royal Mile Old Assembly Close Royal Mile Covenant Close Royal Mile Burnet’s Close Royal Mile Bell’s Wynd Royal Mile New Assembly Close Royal Mile Stevenlaw’s Close Royal Mile Blair Street Royal Mile Hunter Square Royal Mile Marlin’s Wynd Royal Mile (Demolished) High Street ( Lower Southside ) Royal Mile Edinburgh Niddry Street Dickson’s Close Royal Mile Cant’s Close Royal Mile Melrose Close Royal Mile Blackfriars (Wynd) Street Toddrick’s Wynd Royal Mile South Gray’s Close Royal Mile Hyndford’s Close Royal Mile Fountain Close Royal Mile Tweeddale Court Royal Mile World’s End Close Royal Mile High Street ( Upper Northside ) Royal Mile Edinburgh Byer's Close Royal Mile Advocate’s Close Royal Mile Roxburgh Close Royal Mile Warriston’s Close Royal Mile Writer’s Court Royal Mile Mary King’s Close Royal Mile Allan’s Close Royal Mile Craig’s Close Royal Mile Anchor Close Royal Mile Geddes Entry Royal Mile North Foulis Close Royal Mile Old Stamp Office Close Royal Mile Lyon’s Close Royal Mile Jackson’s Close Royal Mile Fleshmarket Close Royal Mile High Street ( Lower Northside ) Royal Mile Edinburgh Carrubber’s Close Royal Mile Bishop’s Close Royal Mile North Gray’s Close Royal Mile Morrison’s Close Royal Mile Bailie Fyfe’s Close Royal Mile Paisley Close Royal Mile Chalmer’s Close Royal Mile Monteith’s Close Royal Mile Trunk’s Close Royal Mile Hope’s Court Royal Mile Baron Maule’s Close Royal Mile The Worlds End Edinburgh Beyond the High Street is the Edinburgh Royal Mile Canongate more shops restaurants, pubs and attractions, museums and the Canongate Kirk where the Queen goes to church when staying at the Palace of Holyrood House here main residence in Edinburgh. Abbey Strand and Horse Wynd are where the Palace of Holyrood House stands with the Scottish Parliament building in Horse Wynd and access to Arthur Seat you have walked the Royal Mile. Canongate (Southside) Royal Mile Edinburgh Gullan’s Close Royal Mile Gibb’s Close Royal Mile Pirrie’s Close Royal Mile Chessel’s Court Royal Mile Weir’s Close Royal Mile Old Playhouse Close Royal Mile St John’s Pend Canongate Royal Mile Sugarhouse Close Royal Mile Bakehouse Close Royal Mile Wilson’s Court Royal Mile Cooper’s Close Royal Mile Crichton’s Close Royal Mile Bull’s Close Royal Mile Reid’s Close Royal Mile Vallence’s Entry Royal Mile Canongate (Northside) Royal Mile Edinburgh Mid common Close Royal Mile Sibbald Walk Royal Mile Gladstone’s Court Royal Mile Old Tolbooth Wynd Royal Mile Dunbar’s Close Royal Mile Panmure Close Royal Mile Lochend Close Royal Mile Reid’s Court Royal Mile Campbell’s Close Royal Mile Brown’s Close Royal Mile Forsyth’s Close Royal Mile Galloway’s Entry Royal Mile White Horse Close Royal Mile Abbey Strand Royal Mile Edinburgh Holyrood House Palace Holyrood Abbey Queen Mary's Bath House Horse Wynd Royal Mile Edinburgh Scottish Parliament Queens Gallery Arthur Seat St Anthony's Chapel St Anthony's Well Dunsapie Loch St Margaret's Loch St Margaret's Well Muchret's Cairn Queen’s Park Edinburgh Next - Castlehill Edinburgh

Ensign Ewart a heroic tail at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. See his grave, memeorial, on the Castle Esplanade and the flag and standard from the battle in the museum in Edinburgh Castle. Portrait in Great Hall. Now read the story. Edinburgh Castle Esplanade Ensign Ewart EDINBURGH CASTLE ESPLANADE SERGEANT CHARLES EWART MEMORIAL AND GRAVE Battle of Waterloo 18th June 1815. In 1938 the actual remains of Ensign Ewart were re-interred on Edinburgh Castle’s Esplanade. Look behind the memorial stone and you can see his head stone . The French Eagle from the Standard at the Battle at Waterloo. Grave Stone In Memory of Ensign Charles Ewart who died March 23rd 1846 aged 77 years Date of the Battle of Waterloo on end of Ensign Charles Ewart Memorial Stone Ensign Ewart Taking of the Flag at Waterloo As Ewart fought his way deep into the heart of the 45th French Infantry, he was caught in a fierce fight with a French officer. The French officer was saved from Ewart’s fatal strike by the arrival of his senior officer, Francis Kinchant. The French officer surrender to Kinchant saving his life. No sooner had Ewart turned away from the scene when he heard a gunshot just behind him. When he turned back, he saw senior officer Kinchant fall of his horse and the French Officer trying to hide his gun with which he had just killed Kinchant. Ewart, furious at what the French Officer had done, he lashed out with his sword ignoring the Frenchman’s pleas for mercy and took the Frenchmen’s head off with one stroke of his sword. (See the sword in Edinburgh Castle) Ewart was now near to the 45th French Infantry standard bearer. Rather than retreating, Ewart continued forward and battled through to take the flag back to his own lines and into history. In Ewart’s own words, what was to follow; “It was in the first charge I took the eagle from the enemy. I had a hard contest for it, he made a thrust at my groin, I parried it off and cut him down through the head. After this a lancer came at me; I threw the lance off by my right side and cut him through the chin and upward through the teeth. Next, a foot-soldier fired at me and charged me with his bayonet, which I also had the good luck to parry, and then I cut him down through the head; thus ended the contest. As I was about to follow my regiment, the general said, ’My brave fellow, take that to the rear; you have done enough till you get quit of it’, which I was obliged to do, but with great reluctance. I retired to a height, and stood there for upwards of an hour, which gave a general view of the field, but I cannot express the horrors I beheld. The bodies of my brave comrades were lying so thick upon the field that it was scarcely possible to pass, and horses innumerable. I took the eagle into Brussels amid the acclamation's of thousands of spectators who saw it. Displayed in the Regimental Museum in Edinburgh Castle is the sword said to have been used at Waterloo by Ensign Charles Ewart. “The Fight for the Standard at the Battle of Waterloo” By, Richard Ansdell R.A. The painting depicts Ensign Ewart at the Battle of Waterloo with the French standard. This painting can be seen in Edinburgh Castle Great Hall. Royal Scots Dragoons Museum Edinburgh Castle The actual flag (Standard) and Eagle taken from the French at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 by Ensign Ewart Next - Royal Mile Edinburgh

Canongate Kirk is half way down the Canongate on the northside. The Kirk is linked with both Holyrood House and Edinburgh Castle. This is the church the Royals attend Sunday service. Inside the kirk are many ancient artefacts. Canongate Kirk Attractions Edinburgh Canongate Kirk Attractions The Kirk of Holyrood House The Beginning Canongate Kirk or The Kirk of the Canongate has had two buildings: at the Abbey of the Holy Rood (1128), now lying in ruins beside the Palace of Holyrood House; and here in the heart of the Canongate. In 1688 King James VII (James II of England) took over the Abbey church for use as the Chapel of the Order of the Thistle, and he offered to build Canongate Kirk in its place. It cost roughly £1,900 which came from a fund left to the Crown by a rich merchant, Thomas Moodie, whose coat of arms can be seen above the entrance of the Kirk. The building was completed in 1690, after King James VII vacated the throne; and the keys were delivered to the Minister of the Canongate in 1691. The Royal Arms, also above the entrance, are those of King James, with the shield of Nassau placed in the centre to make them the arms of King William who succeeded him. Canongate Kirk Chapel Royal The church had a royal beginning. King David I was riding alone in the forest near the present grounds of Holyrood House, when he was attacked and unhorsed by a white stag, which was about to gore him. Suddenly a vision of the Holy Cross (or Rood) appeared between the stag’s antlers. The King took courage from this and the stag took flight. In thanksgiving for his deliverance, the King founded the Abbey in 1128 in honour of the Holy Cross, the Virgin and all Saints. The Abbey church served both as a parish church for the people of Canongate, and as the Chapel Royal where many of the Sovereigns of Scotland were baptised, married, crowned and buried. The last King to be crowned there was Charles I in 1633. At the Reformation in 1560, the church became known as the Kirk of Holyrood House (the Kirk of Canongate), and the people of Canongate continued to worship there until 1688. Canongate Kirk King David and the White Stag The legend of King David and the white stag is depicted throughout the building, notable in the King David Aisle: first, in the picture by Stanley Cursiter RSA; and second, in the communion table’s embroidered frontal panel which was designed, fashioned and presented by devoted members of the congregation. The story is also represented outside the church, at the apex of the front wall, by the gilded stag’s head and antlers, presented to the Kirk by King George VI. The inscriptions on the plaque below reads: SIC ITUR AD ASTRA “This is the path to heaven.” Canongate Kirk Renovations Considerable changes to the interior were carried out after World War II. Two major 19th century additions to the church were removed: the wall which blocked off the nave from the apse; and the side galleries. At the same time, new furnishings were presented: particularly the stalls in the apse, The Royal Pew, the Governor’s Pew and the Choir Stalls. Further extensive work both outside and inside, including the restoration of the 1817 ceiling, was completed in 1991 to restore and conserve the building and to mark its 300th anniversary, the money for this came not only from the congregation but from every section of the community, and included generous support from every adult member of the Royal Family. Thomas Moodie’s Coat of Arms The inscribed on the tablet on the front of Canongate Kirk reads: In 1688 King James VII | Ordained that the mortification |of Thos. Moodie granted in 1649 to | build a church should be applied | to the erection of this structure. Above the inscription Thomas Moodie’s Coat of Arms. Canongate Kirk Edinburgh Castle and Palace of Holyrood House The Palace of Holyrood House and Edinburgh Castle still lie within the Parish of Canongate and have pews on either side of the centre aisle of the Kirk, on the fronts of which are appropriate coats of arms. Canongate Kirk Ministers The floor of the apse bears the names and dates of Ministers of Canongate since the Reformation in 1560. The ministry of two of these, The Reverend Thomas White and The Very Reverend Ronald Selby Wright (who was widely known as the Radio Padre during World War II) spanned almost ninety years. Canongate Kirk Royal Scots Canongate Kirk is recognised as the Military Church in Scotland’s Capital City. Above the nave hang the Old Colours of the 1st Battalion, The King’s Own Scottish Borderers, Laid up in 1976 in the presence of their Colonel-in-Chief, HRH Princess Alice, duchess of Gloucester; and the 7th/9th Royal Scots (The Dandy Ninth), laid up in 1986 at a service attended by their Colonel-in-Chief, HRH Princess Anne, The Princess Royal. In 1983, on the 350th anniversary of the raising of the Regiment, The Royal Scots (The Royal Regiment) adopted Canongate as their Regimental Kirk, as recorded on a plaque on the wall beside the pulpit. The pulpit belonged to the famous preacher Dr Thomas Chalmers, and was moved here from Chalmers Church near the junction of the West Port and the Grassmarket when it closed in 1949. Canongate Kirk Craft Guilds Historic links with the craft guilds which once flourished in the old Burgh of Canongate are recalled by the emblems on the front of the gallery. The Canongate Kirk Visitors Centre The Visitor Centre at the entrance of the Church demonstrates the link between the first building at Holyrood and the present building here in Canongate. The Mortification Board of 1644 was brought from the old church at Holyrood in 1691: the new engraved glass porch at the entrance commemorates the 300 years of continuous worship in this place, 1691-1991. This church is architecturally unique in Scotland. A more complete description of it and a sketch of its history is contained in the Guide on sale in the vestibule. Also available is a Guide to the Churchyard. Canongate Kirk Organ The organ in the gallery was designed and built by The Frobenius of Copenhagen, Denmark. It is a memorial to the Very Reverend Ronald Selby Wright CVO, TD, DD, and FRSE, who was Minister of Canongate from 1937 to 1977, and was dedicated on Sunday 15 November 1998. It consists of a great organ, a swell organ, and a pedal organ, with twenty speaking stops in all. Canongate Kirk War Memorial To the left of the apse is the Memorial Chapel, opened in 1951 by the Governor of Edinburgh Castle and dedicated to the memory of 40 sons of Canongate who gave their lives in the 1939-45 war. The small glass case to the west of the Table is the memorial of the Dunkirk Veterans’ Association and contains sand from the beaches of Dunkirk. The Roll of Honour of the 603 (City of Edinburgh) Squadron was unveiled by HM The Queen in 1989. The sculpture of Christus Victor is by Josephina de Vasconcellos. Canongate Kirk Tapestry In 1994, a tapestry project was begun as a memorial to those who died during, or since, the Battle of Normandy on 6 June 1944 (D-Day). The Tapestry was conceived to clothe the seat of the apse in such a way as to draw attention to the cross which is the focal point below the large clear window of the apse. It was designed by Hannah Frew Paterson MBE of Glasgow, worked by a team of 23 embroiderers, and its cost met by the Normandy Veterans Association Fife, Lothians and Borders No. 34 Branch and by members and friends of Canongate Kirk. Thank you To the Canongate Kirk for the above information Entry to the Kirk (Church and Burial Ground) is Free but donations are very welcome to enable the Kirk to flourish for many more centuries. Back to - Canongate Northside

High Street Lower Southside Royal Mile Edinburgh. The High Street lower southside was where the wealthy lived between Niddry Street and Blackfriars Street. There are museums and historic buildings and the foot of the High Street was the end of Edinburgh where a wall Nether Foot Port stood. Heading 1 High Street Lower Southside Edinburgh Niddry Street - Blackfriars Street - St Mary's Street - Boyd's Entry High Street lower Southside Royal Mile Edinburgh The High Street in the Royal Mile can be found between the Royal Mile Lawnmarket and the Royal Mile Canongate. The Lower High Street or High Street East is from the cross roads at the North and South Bridges to the crossroads at Jeffery Street and St Mary’s Street where the city wall once stood. In this section you will find; Old St Paul's Church, Paisley Close, Trinity Apse Church, Museum of Childhood, John Knox House, Nether Bow, Carrubber’s Mission, New Palace Picture House, World’s End, Mowbray House, Nether Bow Wellhead, Tweeddale Court and The Scottish Story Telling Centre, Trunk's Close. Niddry Street Niddry Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Niddry Street originally called Niddry Wynd (Nudreis Wynd) is one of the oldest thoroughfares in old Edinburgh. The original Wynd would have been angled further west after re-positioning when the South Bridge was built. The Wynd extended across Cowgate to what is now South Niddry Street where the underground caverns have been found which were linked with the area that was previous to the south bridge being built. In 1750 when Niddry Wynd was widened it became Niddry Street. There were a number of important buildings which included St Cecilia’s Hall built in 1762 as a concert Hall and still exist to this day at the foot of Niddry Street as a Music Museum. Niddry Wynd was said to be named after a magistrate of Edinburgh in 1437 a Robert Niddry a member of the Niddry family of Wauchop. St Cecilia’s Music Museum Niddry Street Edinburgh St Cecilia’s Hall was built for the Musical Society of Edinburgh in 1762 by Robert Mylne (Milne) a Scottish architect and Stone mason from a famous Edinburgh family of builders and stonemasons. The Musical Society of Edinburgh previously occupied St Mary’s Chapel from 1728 – 1762 when they moved to St Cecilia’s Hall which was purpose built for them by Robert Milne in 1762. St Cecilia’s Hall had an auditorium that held 500 seated guests and concerts were held daily starting in the early evening and were always very well attended. Niddry Wynd was widened circa 1750 and was renamed as a Niddry Street. St Cecilia’s Hall is now part of the University of Edinburgh and has undergone a lengthy renovation. St Cecilia’s Hall is now a musical instrument museum and concert Hall which makes it one of the oldest remaining concert halls in Britain and oldest in Scotland still in use. Music Museum Dickson’s Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Dickson’s Close in the High Street on the Royal Mile Edinburgh was demolished when Niddry street was widened. All that remains is the Street sign above the door of the Radisson Blu Hotel. One of the Close’s occupants was a David Allan who was dubbed the “Scottish Hogarth” his illustrations and etchings were of great quality. He died in Edinburgh and is gravestone can be seen in the Old Calton Graveyard. Cant’s Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Cants Close was housing for the members of the Anglican Church. Cants Close Melrose Close Dickson’s Close and Niddry Wynd all were adjoining and were part of a very upmarket area for the nobility. The Cant family lived in the close for circa 100 years. Adam Cant 1403, Alexander Cant 1514 a wealthy family with land in many pars of Edinburgh. The Building was renovated in 1989 over a period of 15 months. Melrose Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Melrose Close was were the Abbot of Melrose (Andrew Durie) had his residence circa 1530 and the close was named after him. It was also known as Rosehaugh Close after Sir George McKenzie of Rosehaugh King’s Advocate. Sir George McKenzie (George Bloody Mackenzie) is still known today due to his tomb in Greyfriars which is said to be haunted. Blackfriars Street (Wynd) Royal Mile Edinburgh Blackfriars Street originally known as the Preaching Friar’s Vennel and Blackfriars Wynd. The name given due to the Street leading to the Black Friary of the Dominican Monks founded by Alexander II in 1230. The Wynd widened and became a Street and it was where Regent Morton had a mansion and many wealth Gentlemen and Ladies lived. Other significant history about Black Friars Wynd “Cleanse the Causeway” when the Hamilton’s and Douglas’s battled and the Earl of Bothwell and Sir William Stewart who Bothwell killed in Black friars Wynd. The Catholic Chapel which moved from Black friars Wynd in 1813 is now St Mary’s Cathedral at Broughton Street. Blackfriars Wynd was the centre of Edinburgh Nobility with Lords, Earls, Dukes, Bishops, Lady’s and Royals all at one time residing in the Wynd. There was a Palace and the first printing press in Scotland which printed the first book in 1508. Blackfriars Wynd to the east was demolished (circa 1840) due to the improvement Act and rebuilt, where the west side was left and the buildings between Cants Close and Dickson’s were mostly demolished and new builds were erected. The United Industrial School opened in 1847 to give all children both boys and girls, protestant and catholic an instruction in Craft work tailoring, carpentry, Leather work etc. and Knitting and housework. United Presbyterian Church The church building was specifically built and opened in 1871 and used by the congregation at Mary's Chapel on the High Street since 1860. Regent Morton’s Mansion Blackfriar's Street Regent Morton’s Mansion house in Blackfriars Wynd (now Street) was the town house of Regent Morton, James Douglas 4th Earl of Morton who was born circa 1525. James Douglas was the last regent of Scotland. He was executed on the 2nd of June 1581. His execution took place at the foot of the Canongate outside the Palace of Holyrood House on the “maiden”. The guillotine brought from England by himself as he had been impressed when watching how it was so efficient. James Douglas took an active part the abdication of Mary Queen of Scots.in 1567. He was executed for being part of the killing of Lord Darnley Mary Queen of Scots Husband. New Skinner’s Close Cross House, was originally built in 1643 as the Skinner's Hall for the Incorporated Trade of Skinners in Edinburgh. The Skinner's trade body since 1451 and received its charter in 1474. Regulators of the ancient craft of tanning skins, and making gloves, parchment, and leather goods. The United Industrial School was started in Blackfriars Wynd, Edinburgh, in a seventeenth-century building known as Skinner's Hall Edinburgh Mint known as Coinyie House. The Coinyie House Mint was situated off South Gray's Close, near the Cowgate in Edinburgh's Old Town. Name Origin: "Coinyie" is an old Scots term for "coin," hence the name "Coinyie House" Scottish Mint from 1574 until the Union with England in 1707, The mint buildings were demolished 1877, and the site was redeveloped into the Coinyie House Close garden. Lodge of Journeymen Blackfriar's Street The Lodge of Journeymen Masons has worked as a legal lodge since 1715 but the Grand Lodge of Scotland states the true date of formation was 1707. The Lodge of Journeymen Masons is unique due to the fact it may be the only lodge in the world which is allowed to charge fees and confer degrees but does not have the required charter from a Grand Lodge. The Journeymen lodge moved to 63 Blackfriars Street, EH1 1NB on the 8th August 1871. Above the door can be seen a stone tablet with insignia and inscriptions. Around lower edge of coat of arms shield the inscriptions reads: IN THE LORD IS ALL OUR TRUST On the panel below coat of arms LODGE JOURNEYMEN MASONS NO.8 REBUILT 1870 THOMAS FIELD. R.W.M. AND CONVENER OF THE TRADES Cardinal David Beaton Palace At the south west corner of Blackfriars Wynd and the boundary of the Cowgate stood the Archbishops Palace at the foot of Toddrick’s Wynd. Built in an L shape with a Porte-cochere giving access to a courtyard at the back. James (Bethune) Beaton lived here. The next resident was David Beaton nephew of James the Archbishop. The next to be resident was the High School of Edinburgh (Grammar Skule) prior to the new school building being completed where Blackfriars Monastery once stood. In February 1567 Mary Queen of Scots with her court went to the Cardinals Palace, where she had super before returning to Holyrood. This was the night Bothwell and accomplices made their way down Toddrick’s Wynd to Kirk o Field. The night Lord Darnley was murdered at Kirk o Field. The Palace and grounds were divided into lots and occupied by mostly poor Irish immigrants. Cardinal David Beaton Plaque David Beaton was born in 1494 and died in 1546. On 20 December 1539 David Beaton was made a Cardinal by Pope Paul III. Cardinal Beaton became a regent for Mary Queen of Scots and appointed himself the Chancellor of Scotland in 1543. He was disliked by most but was in favour with the royals of both France and Britain. He had many mistresses and 20 illegitimate children. He was arrested for fraud and the cause of the rough wooing, Henry the VIII invasion of Scotland. Calender House Calender House was the first block of dwelling houses 11, 13, 15 Blackfriars Street built by the Blackfriars Building Association to provide accommodation for the "industrial classes" following the City Improvement Act of 1867. Formerly known as Blackfriars Wynd, the E side was demolished in 1867 under the Improvement Act, the roadway widened and subsequently renamed Blackfriars Street. Blackfriars Building Association, composed of 84 Irish working men, in 1871. First Printing Press Blackfriar’s Street (Wynd) This plaque donates the place where the first printing of a book in Scotland was. The printers Walter Chepman and Andrew Myllar printed the first book in 1508 after being granted a licence by King (James IV) a year earlier. The printers stood in the Cowgate at the foot of Blackfriars Street near to Cardinal Beaton’s House. Toddrick’s Wynd High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Toddrick’s (Todrig’s) Wynd once belonged to Archibald Todrig a Bailie of Edinburgh who was attacked in his home in the Wynd in 1500 by two men with swords. They were caught and taken to the Tolbooth and their hands were chopped off as a punishment. Toddrick’s Wynd was also where Bothwell and his cohorts ascended to Blackfriars Monastery on 9th Feb 1567 to blow up the provost’s house in Kirk O Fields. Thomas Aitchison lived here (the master of the mint). A grand Banquet was held in 1590 for the Ambassador and nobles of Denmark. Museum of Childhood Museum of Childhood High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Edinburgh’s Museum of Childhood. The world’s first museum to be dedicated solely to the history of childhood was opened in 1955. The museum of Childhood contains five galleries with toys and games, both contemporary and antique, from around the world. Many toys that everyone of an age will remember; Action Man, Sindy, Corgi, Triang, Meccano. South Gray’s Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh South Gray’s Close or Mint Close as this is where the Scottish mint was built in 1574 after it being in the Castle and firstly in Holyrood House Palace. It later moved to Chessel’s Court where Deacon Brodie robbed it, but was caught and hung. The Museum of Childhood is located next to the close. Hyndford’s Close Royal Mile High Street Edinburgh Hyndford’s Close the entrance to the town residence of the Earls of Selkirk. The first Earl of Selkirk William Alexander colonised Nova Scotia in 1630. Hyndford’s Close was later to be occupied by Dr Daniel Rutherford a chemist and Botanist who discovered Nitrogen Gas in 1772. Dr Rutherford was Sir Walter Scott’s uncle, his sister being Walter’s mother. The close was named after the Carmichael’s of Hyndford. The New Palace Picture House The New Palace Picture House opened in 1929; and finally closed in September 1956. It became a night club and music venue called McGoos and a host of the names of the 60’s played there; The Who, The Kinks, Spencer Davies Group, Troggs, Wayne Fontana, The Small Faces, Cream and many more. Fountain Close Royal Mile High Street Edinburgh Fountain Close residents were Adam Fullerton and Sir James Mackenzie whose house was purchased by the Royal College of Physicians for a new Library in 1704 and sold again in 1720 for a new Church to be built in 1771. Also in Fountain Close is The Saltire Society which was founded in 1936 and its purpose is to improve the quality of life in Scotland and make people around the world see the values Scotland has to offer everyone in every walk of life. The Saltire Society has no political affiliation and anyone is welcome to become a member. FÀILTE is Gaelic for welcome. Tweeddale Court & Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh Tweeddale Court built in 1576 by the Earl of Lothian for his daughter Lady Yester and she passed it on to the 9th Earl of Yester her grandson the second Earl of Tweeddale who became the Marquis of Tweeddale Lord High Commissioner of Scotland which was bestowed upon him by William III. The Last Tweeddale to live here died in 1762 and the mansion house became the British Linen company. The British Linen Company occupied Tweeddale Court in 1791 till 1807. A grizzly murder also took place in Tweeddale Court in 1806, when William Begbie a porter of the British Linen Company was stabbed through the heart and robbed of thousands of bank notes he was carrying from a branch at the top of Leith. A major amount of notes were later recovered but the murderer was never caught. It is suspected that the murderer was later caught for another bank robbery of a similar description in Glasgow, but it was never proven. The thief was tried for the Glasgow robbery and found guilty, imprisoned and later died in Old Calton Jail in Regent Road. When the British Linen Company moved to St Andrew Square, Oliver and Boyd printers and publishers moved into the mansion house. A remaining section of the King's Wall, built by James II in the 1450s is visible on right side of the lane, also a shell fountain can be seen in a small courtyard. THE FEIR OF THE LORD PRESERVITH THE LYFE World’s End Close High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh World’s End Close previously Sir John Stanfield’s Close, Sir John Stanfield was supposedly murdered by his son who was then sentenced to hang at the market cross in Feb 1688 but due to the rope slipping he was finally chopped up and his head was displayed in Haddington his body in Leith and his tongue was cut out and hand chopped of for his crimes against his father. Known as World’s End Close as this was the last building inside the city wall which many people had never been past. St Mary (Wynd) Street Edinburgh St Mary’s Wynd demolished and No 2 St Mary Street was the first house to be built under the Improvement Act of 1867 and a wall tablet was placed above the door and unveiled by the Lord Provost of Edinburgh the right honourable William Chambers a publisher, politician and brother of Robert Chambers Author and publisher were both influential in Edinburgh’s History. With further renovation in 1985. St Mary’s Wynd was built on an old Roman road and was named after the Cistercian nuns of St Mary and a chapel and hospital dedicated to St Mary both built on the west side of the Wynd. The Mary’s Wynd was first mentioned circa 1340 when men of Edinburgh walked up Mary’s Wynd after returning from battle. This was the main route out of Edinburgh to the South. A Wynd changed its name to street when widened to allow carts to use it. St Mary's Port stood at the foot of the Pleasance part of the city defences and old city wall. Boyd’s Entry St Mary's Street Boyd’s Entry is where the first passenger coaches arrived from London. This is where the stables and buildings to house the coaches stood at the foot of Gullan’s Close next to the White Horse Inn (previously Boyd’s Inn), at the head of the Canongate. The Flodden wall once stood on the west side of the Street prior to the present housing. There was a gate at both ends of the Wynd, The Cowgate and the Nether Bow Gate which were the only way into Edinburgh, from the East. High Street Lower Northside

Real Mary King's Close in the High Street Royal Mile is one of Edinburgh's most visited Attractions, where you can walk the streets of the 17th century see houses and ghosts of the past plague riden streets. The Real Mary King's Close 2 Warriston's Close, High Street, Royal Mile, Edinburgh, EH1 1PG Mary King Mary King’s Close named after the daughter of the owner Alexander King the owner of the Close circa 1600. Alexander King was a wealthy merchant (Burgess of Edinburgh) he owned many properties in Edinburgh. Previous to him was Touris (Towris) Close after George Touris of Inverleith. Mary King’s Close is under the Royal Exchange now City Chambers. The Close is a place where the plague of 1645 killed thousands and left buildings with no residents. There are many Ghosts and many stories of evil lurking in the close. The Close also burned by a great fire in 1750. The Real Mary King's Close Now Mary King's Close is one of the most visited sites when in Edinburgh. The Tour takes you back to the times of no electric (Gas light was first introduced to the High Street in 1820) and no sanitation where they would through the waste from their windows. Next - High Street Lower Southside

George IV Bridge Edinburgh and surrounding streets are full of history and many attractions, The New Town bridge that cuts through the old Town with famous names Greyfriars Bobby and JK Rowling(Harry Potter). George IV Bridge Area Forrest Road & Bristo Place The bridge that spanned the Cowgate was to be named after George IV. The bridge was completed in 1832 as part of the Improvement Act of 1827. George IV Bridge was built to connect the South Side district of Edinburgh to the New Town. The foundation stone was laid in August 1827 and the bridge finally opened to all in 1836. There are only two points visible showing the height of George IV Bridge over the Cowgate and at Merchant Street. It starts at the Royal Mile Lawnmarket and continues to Bristo Place and Forrest Road. Also Chamber Street where the National Museum of Scotland is and on the Bridge stands the National Library of Scotland. George IV Bridge Edinburgh Burns Tavern by George Cattermole Burns Tavern previously Dowie’s Tavern in Libberton's Wynd ran from the Lawnmarket to the Cowgate on the eastern side of the George IV Bridge. Libberton’s Wynd was knocked down with the building of George IV Bridge in 1834. Johnnie Dowie was the owner of Dowie’s Tavern until his death in 1817. The new owner changed the name to Burns Tavern a favourite Howff of Robert Burns when he lived across the road in 1786. Also many other notable gents of the time frequented the Tavern. They included Henry Raeburn, Robert Fergusson and Thomas Campbell, David Hume, Christopher North, David Herd and Archibald Younger all now famous names of Edinburgh. George IV Bridge was built to give access to Edinburgh’s southside and spans the gap that joins the Lawnmarket on the Royal Mile with Chamber Street in the south. The foundation stone was laid in August 1827 and the bridge finally opened to all in 1836. There are only two points visible showing the height of George IV Bridge over the Cowgate and at Merchant Street. The Bridge was named after King George the IV after his visit to Edinburgh in 1822. The visible bridge over Merchant Street and a view of Greyfriars Graveyard view down Cowgate towards Holyrood Palace and Arthur Seat County Building Midlothian County Council offices on George IV Bridge, was built in 1904. It became the Lothian Chambers in 1975. Following local government reorganization, it became the Lothian Regional Council Chambers. While the new Scottish Parliament building was under construction, the chambers were used for administration and meetings for parliament from 1999 -2004. It was then used as the Edinburgh Registrar’s Office As a venue for weddings and civil partnerships till 2018 when it became the French Consulate-General and the French Institute for Scotland. A great place for lunch and dinner in their Bistro / Brassiere. MELBOURNE PLACE George IV Bridge Edinburgh Melbourne Place was demolished in 1966 to enable the council to build an office block for their own use. The halls were first opened in 1852 however the the Royal Medical Society was founded in 1737 and gained the royal charter in 1778. This Plaque marks the site of the Hall of the Royal Medical Society from 1852 - 1965 where many Edinburgh medical men delivered their first dissertation. It was demolished by the city council to enable them to build an office block which has been changed into a hotel. HIGHLAND AND AGRICULTURAL MUSEUM No 3 GEORGE IV BRIDGE 1840. The statue above the door shows in the centre Caledonia and to the left and right are the ploughboy and Highland reaper with his scythe. The scene below Caledonia is of a shepherd with a sheep at his feet a cow and horse standing on either side and a dog sitting. The inscription below: SEMPER ARMIS NUNC ET INDUSTRIA EVER ARMS AND NOW INDUSTRY. The museum is no longer here it is now at Museum of Rural Life East Kilbride The museum is located on a real working farm outside Ingliston, between Edinburgh and Glasgow. This museum has the expected cows and other farm animals. Find out about farming in the past and present. The farmhouse was built circa 1784, with upgrades being circa 1900. All other modernisation took place prior to 1950. So the interior is all how people once lived. In addition to the setting and guided tours there are tractor rides, milking cows, collecting eggs from the chicken coup. Find out how everything was done prior to modern machinery, ploughing the fields harvesting and hay stacks and animal bedding. This museum of Rural Life can be visited at all times of year as each season brings different work. Visitors will also be able to see traditional farm equipment, such as the first combine harvester that was built by the Europeans, namely the Clayton Combine. The industrial revolution is also highlighted by the Museum of Rural Life, and shows the changes and improvements that were made by modernization. The Museum of Rural Life has a large and impressive collection of equipment and appliances from different ages. Central Library George IV Bridge Edinburgh Central Library was opened in 1890 and was the first public library building in Edinburgh. The Central Library was funded by Andrew Carnegie. However the first recording of a library in Edinburgh was in 1696 in High School Yardswith 120 books and a further donation of 200 books by T Kincaid in 1709. National Library of Scotland George IV Bridge Edinburgh The National Library of Scotland building was completed in 1956. The Library was given the legal right under the 1710 Copyright Act to claim a copy of every book published in Britain. Due to the volume of books and manuscripts a second building opened in Causewayside in 1995. The National Library of Scotland is one of the largest of Europe's research libraries with almost 20 million printed items in the collection. If you wish to find out about almost anything you will find it in there. National Library Augustine Congregational Church The first church building North College Street Chapel opened 1802 then renamed Argyle Square Chapel 1840, both of which are now in Chamber Street the Church is in George IV Bridge. Bristo Place church built as a replacement for a chapel which was demolished circa 1855 to make way for the Phrenological Museum in Chambers Street now the Anatomy Museum Teviot Place. After construction of the new George IV Bridge (1832), Augustine was opened in 1861 Martyr's Free Church 26 George IV Bridge The building was constructed in 1859 for the Reformed Presbyterian congregation and was initially named Martyr's Free Church for the Reformed Presbyterian Congregation. De-consecrated as a church in 1999 and opened in 2000 as a pub. elephant House The Elephant House (Harry Potter) J K Rowling is most famous as the creator of the Harry Potter stories. She wrote the first part of Harry Potter in the Elephant House Café on George IV Bridge, Edinburgh. George Heriot’s School in Lauriston Place is said to be the famous Hogwarts College of Magic portrayed in the Harry Potter movies and the platform in the Waverley Station is where the Train left for Hogwarts. The inscription on the plaque reads; Made famous as the place of inspiration to writers such as J.K. Rowling who sat writing much of her early novels in the back room overlooking Edinburgh Castle. Ian Rankin author of Rebus novels and Alexander McCall- Smith have both also frequented The Elephant House as well as many other writers. GREYFRIARS BOBBY DIED 14th January 1872 age 16 years LET HIS LOYALTY & DEVOTION BE A LESSON TO US ALL More on Greyfriars Bobby can be seen on Candlemaker's Row Grayfriars Bobby Forrest Road Edinburgh The City Improvement Act brought in by Lord Provost Chambers in 1867 saw the buildings in Forrest Road, Teviot Place and Bristo PLace being replaced (the old poor houses, the building once used as the Maidens Hospital and then Darien House and the Lunatic Asylum were all demolished. The Asylum being replaced years earlier) in the triangle with modern tenements. Forrest road being a new thoroughfare to link the new George IV Bridge with the meadows. New North Road Church Bedlam The building on the corner named Bedlam was knocked down in 1845 a year after the patients of the asylum were transferred to the new Edinburgh Lunatic Asylum in Morningside. The Edinburgh Lunatic Asylum was founded by Doctor Andrew Duncan in 1809 and opened in 1813. Previously a poor house had stood, Robert Fergusson who was a patient, known to have suffered from depression after a serious head injury caused by a fall led to the famous poet being diagnosed mentally unsound, the 24 year old died of his head injury this was 1774. In 1847 a new church was built on the Bedlam area (New North Road Church). It closed in 1937, and gifted to the University of Edinburgh. The students started Theatre Company in the 70's (the oldest student run theatre company in Britain) now occupy the building. The Bedlam Theatre is named after the area where it stands today. Oddfellows Hall Forrest Road Edinburgh The Odd fellows Hall was opened in 1873, Oddfellows Hall on Forrest Road was the central gathering point for the local members of the Oddfellows Order. The odd fellows was a friendly society which is still in existence thought to have started circa mid-1700. The Oddfellows Hall was the first meeting place for the order in Edinburgh. female figure with a child in her arms, representing Charity, is at the top of the central gable relief of three female figures representing Faith, Hope and Charity is in a shaped panel between second floor windows Three Shields represent the coat of arms with an all seeing eye in clouds above the shields. At each side of the shields are a seated horse in collar and chains.At the hooves of each horse is a gargoyle's head. The inscriptions read; ODDFELLOWS' HALL Central Shield Coat of Arms Inscription; 'Amicitia Amor Et Veritas' ('Friendship Love and Truth') The Oddfellows sold the hall in 1953. Workhouse and Drill Hall The Drill Hall stands on the site of a Charity Workhouse dating from 1743. The Drill hall was built in 1872 and is one of limited number that have survived. The Drill hall was improved when it was to be used as a HQ in 1905. The inscription above the door reads: 'The Queen's Rifle Volunteer Brigade The Royal Scots' Headquarters.' That in the article above reads 'Regiment raised 1859 Headquarters rebuilt and opened 6th of May 1905 by HRH the Duke of Connaught K.T., Colonel Sir Robert Cranston V.D., Colonel Commandant of Brigade. Lord Provost of the City.' The drill hall was the headquarters of both the 4th and 5th battalions, the Royal Scots, and the base for "A" to "H" Companies of both battalions. The Rifle Volunteer Corps and Artillery Corps on 12th May 1859 to defend coastal towns was formed and used this Drill Hall. Flodden Wall Plaque New Port (Gate) Flodden Plaque shows where the route of the Flodden wall was and where the Bristo Port once stood. This section of the Flodden wall pictured below that still stands in Greyfriars burial ground was original attached to the Flodden Tower (In Vennel up from Grassmarket) and Bristo Port which is no longer there. The Telfer Wall is now attached to the Flodden Tower and is now the main route of the Flodden Wall. Bristo Place Edinburgh Bristo Place previously Bristo Street which was to link Potterrow one of the main thoroughfares. These two roads gave access to Edinburgh from the south, before the Southbridge and Forrest Road had been built. Bristo Street is where the Darien House was sited and the Edinburgh Asylum in an area triangle called Bedlam. The asylum closed in 1841 (one of the patients was Robert Fergusson the poet). Darien House Edinburgh Darien House was the headquarters of the Darien Scheme 1698. Later it became Darien House Hospital that looked after mentally ill patients. It stood in the area known as Bedlam on the corner of Teviot Place and Bristo Street (now Bristo Place). Bedlam area was situated in the triangle of Bristo Place, Teviot Place and Forrest Road with three main buildings, the poor house for children and the poor house for adults and the Maiden Hospital. Tollcross Edinburgh

Edinburgh City Wall first built in 1450 called the king's Wall then after a heavy defeat to the English Army the Fodden Wall was built fortifying the old wall and extending it to protect the expanded City of Edinburgh. Built in 1513 there are remaining parts of the wall stil standing. Grassmarket Edinburgh City Wall The Flodden Wall and Telfer Wall Old Town Edinburgh Flodden Wall Route The Flodden and Telfer Walls Where the Ports (Gates) of Edinburgh once stood. The Edinburgh City Wall, The Flodden and Telfer Wall, plus where the Ports or gateways into Edinburgh stood. The first Edinburgh city wall was erected circa 1450 (The King’s Wall) James III. A marsh in the hollow below the castle to the north was flooded in 1460 which with the wall completed the defence for the Castle and the Old Town of Edinburgh. It was fortified and extended in 1513 after the Battle of Flodden. A further extension to the Edinburgh city wall was built to include Heriot’s Hospital (school) circa 1630. There was also a wall that extended to the Palace of Holyrood to surround the Canongate area, but this was not considered as a protection as was out with the city wall. Edinburgh City Wall Route of Flodden Wall and Telfer Wall on Google map Red markers are the Ports (Gates) Black markers wall Towers (Blue Line Flodden Wall) (Brown Line Telfer Wall) Yellow markers place of interest which can be seen with history throughout the website. Edinburgh City Walls Route and Map Ports – Gates 8 ports West Port | New Port | Bristo Port | Kirk O Fields Port known later as Potterrow Port | St Mary’s Port Cowgate Port | Nether Bow Port | Leith (Lytht) Port. Edinburgh Castle (David’s Tower) Half-Moon Battery Johnstone Terrace (Granny Green Steps) (King’s Wall Plaque) Grassmarket (Walter Scott Poem) West Port (Vennel Steps) (Flodden Wall) (Flodden Tower) Heriot Place (Telfer Wall) Lauriston Place (Telfer Wall) Forrest Road (New Port) (Bristo Gate Plaque + Setts) Bristo Place (Bristo Port - (Telfer City Wall Carving) West College Street (Kirk O Fields Port) Later (Potterrow Port) Drummond Street (Flodden Wall) Pleasance (Flodden Wall and Plaque) (St Mary's Port) Cowgate (Cowgate Port) High Street (Nether Bow Port) (Brass Setts) Leith (Lytht) Wynd (Trinity Church) (Lytht Port) Jeffrey Street - View Calton Hill - Jail Wall - Wall End - Nor’ Loch Tweeddale Court (King’s Wall) (Outlander) Storytelling Centre (Nether Bow Plaque) (Nether Bow Bell) Edinurgh City wall Start David’s Tower | Half Moon Battery King David II, son of Robert the Bruce rebuilt Edinburgh Castle with stone and added a tower in the 1380’s. David’s Tower was used as the royal residence. Also a secure place for valuables and regalia. It was a lookout Tower of 100 ft (40 mtrs) plus in height with 360 degree views and canon for when under attack. A castle stronghold. It was destroyed by a bombardment by the English after the Lang Siege in 1573. A few years later the Half-Moon Battery was built in its place. The discovery of remnants of David’s Tower were uncovered in 1912 within the half-moon battery. Edinburgh City Wall House at top of Granny Green Steps on Johnston Terrace (First City Wall) and steps to the Grassmarket route of Flodden Wall. Inscription; Erected on a site near the extremity of the ancient town wall built in the reign of James II King of Scots A.D. 1450 for the protection of Edinburgh against invasion. Edinburgh City Wall - Flodden Wall The paving stones mark where the Flodden Wall stood across the Grassmarket from Granny Green Steps. The inscription on the slabs are a poem by Sir Walter Scott (Marmion) about the Flodden Battle in 1513. On September 9, 1513, a battle between Scotland and England took place on Flodden Field, Branxton Moor. The English army lead by The Earl of Surry (Thomas Howard) defeated The Scots and the death of King James IV of Scotland the last monarch to die in Battle. Edinburgh City Wall - Flodden Wall Walter Scott's Poem (Marmion) The Battle of Flodden 1513 From Flodden ridge, The Scots beheld the English host Leave Barmoor Wood, their evening post And headful watched them as they crossed The Till by Twizell Bridge. High sight it is, and haughty, while They dive into the deep defile; Beneath the cavern’d cliff they fall, Beneath the castle’s airy wall. By rock, by oak, by Hawthorn tree, Troop after troop are disappearing; Troop after troop their banners rearing Upon the eastern bank you see. Still pouring down the rocky glen, Where flows the sullen Till, And rising from the dim-wood glen, Standards on standards, men on men, In slow procession still, And sweeping o’er the Gothic arch, And pressing on in ceaseless march, To gain the opposing hill. Sir Walter Scott 1771 - 1832 The marker where the Flodden Wall stood across the Grassmarket The marker where the Flodden Wall and West Port Gate stood at the foot of the Vennel Steps The Salvation Army Women’s Hostel West Port The Salvation Army Women’s Hostel stands beside the Vennel and the site of the West Port Gate at the west end of the Grassmarket since 1911. The area on the right was known as Portsburgh evidence still remains with street signs. The Vennel Steps, now have been renamed Miss Jean Brodie Steps, that access to the Flodden Tower. The Paving Stone at the foot of the steps is where the West Port Gate would have stood. Edinburgh City Wall Flodden Tower The Flodden Wall this is the only remaining lookout tower of the Flodden wall. It is also where a wall to protect Heriot’s Hospital (school) joined the Flodden wall. Edinburgh City Wall Flodden Tower Window The window in the Flodden Tower. A double window was inserted in the wall by the town council in 1876, now blocked. The inscription reads; THIS WINDOW WAS MADE IN THE OLD CITY WALL WITH THE SANCTION OF THE TOWN COUNCIL 1876 Edinburgh City - Wall Telfer Wall The Telfer Wall in Heriot Place with Edinburgh Castle in the background. This has become a favourite viewpoint of Edinburgh Castle for visitors to Edinburgh Edinburgh City - Wall Telfer Wall The Telfer Wall at the corner of Heriot Place and Lauriston Place Edinburgh City - Wall Telfer Wall The last part of the Telfer Wall still standing (Lauriston Place). Behind the wall was the Covenanter’s Prison. (Access in Greyfriars Graveyard) Edinburgh City Wall Flodden Wall Plaque New Port (Gate) Flodden Plaque and Setts (cobbles) show near to where a Port stood (See map above) before Forrest Road was built and the Port was part of Grayfriars. The Bristo Port was at Bristo Street now Place at side of the Museum. This was a contnuation of the Flodden wall from the Vennel Tower. A section of the Flodden wall pictured below that still stands in Grayfriars burial ground. The Telfer Wall continued along Teviot Place see sign above to Napiers where it rejoined the Flodden Wall. Edinburgh City Wall Flodden Wall Bristo Port (Gate) Bristo Place Edinburgh Bristo Place previously Bristo Street, which was linked to Potterrow one of the main thoroughfares. This road gave access to Edinburgh from the south, before the Southbridge and Forrest Road had been built. Bristo Street is where the Darien House was sited and the Edinburgh Asylum in an area triangle called Bedlam. The asylum closed in 1841 (one of the patients was Robert Fergusson the poet). The Triangle was demolished when Forest Road was built IN 1872 and Bristo Street became Bristo Place. Edinburgh City Wall Telfer Wall Wall Tablet above Napier's The Herbalist Bristo Place Edinburgh City Wall Kirk O Field Port The Kirk O Field Port was at West College Street where the yellow line begins then a left turn into South College Street continue down Drummond Street left turn into Pleasances see diagram the x are where the body of Lord Darnley was found under a tree in Blackfriars Monastery grounds. The origin Infirmary Gates that stood in High School Yards in Infirmary Street 1830. The Flodden Wall in Drummond Street turning into the Pleasance Edinburgh. Where there is an old bricked up gateway for entrance to Edinburgh. The final part of the Flodden Wall that still stands at the foot of St Mary's Street Edinburgh. The final part of the Flodden Wall that still stands at the foot of St Mary's Street Edinburgh. The Cowgate Port stood across the entrance to the Cowgate and St Mary's Port across the Pleasance two of eight Ports (Gates). Cowgate Port St Mary's Port Edinburgh City Wall Nether Bow Port The brass cobbles showing the outline of where the Nether Bow Port (Gate) stood. On the boundary of Edinburgh and outside the walls a baron area before the Burgh of the Canongate. The Nether Bow was the most important gateway as it stood at the foot of the High Street. The port (Gate) access to and from the Canongate, which was at that time a separate Burgh. Leith (Leytht) Port Leith Port is the last Port of the Flodden Wall. The wall stretched from the Nether Bow Port to the shore of the Nor' Loch beside The Trinity College Church. Edinburgh's Trinity Apse Church stood below the Calton Jail Wall and next to the Nor' Loch. The Church was moved when the Waverley Rail Station was built. It was dismantled brick by brick and rebuilt in Chalmer's Close in the High Street Royal Mile. Calton Hill from Jeffrey Street looking over where the end of the Flodden Wall stood and the shore of the Nor Loch beside the Trinity Church which is now in Chalmer's Close. Tweeddale Court The wall in Tweeddale Court may represent part of the original city wall as the city gates (Nether Bow Port) were originally higher up the High Street near Tweeddale Court before The Burning of Edinburgh in 1544 by an English army lead by Hertford. The gate was almost destroyed the gate was rebuilt in 1606. The other part of the king's Wall that still remains is in the Grassmarket. All that remains are parts of the wall, the gates (ports) were all removed in 1764. The clock that was a centre piece of the Nether Bow Port can now be seen on the Modern Art Gallery 2 (Dean Gallery) in Belford Road. The bell that hung on the Port from 1621 and a carved stone plaque from 1606 be seen at the Storytelling Centre where the old gate once stood. Tweeddale Court High Street king's Wall 1450 Castle Wynd South T he arch is believed to be the entrance to a cellar of an old store. James Thomson was a wine merchant circa 1700 (present housing Thomson Court named after him. The old wall at the back is believed to be the King’s Wall (1427) the first wall protecting Edinburgh. Also a stone with information. Nether Bow High Street Royal Mile Edinburgh City Gates. There were walls around the city of Edinburgh with gates known as Ports, 8 in all. In the 1700s the demolition of sections of the wall began. The Nether Bow was pulled down in 1764, and demolition of the wall continued into the 19th century. Today, a number of sections of the three successive walls survive, The New Port in Grayfriars is the only Port that remains. You can see and find out more about Edinburgh’s history in the Museum of Edinburgh in the Canongate. Nether Bow Plaque and Nether Bow Bell The Clock from The Nether Bow Port on the Dean Gallery Belford Road. Next - West Port Grassmarket

The Writers' Museum attraction is found in Lady Stair's House off the Lawnmarket, Royal Mile Edinburgh. It covers the lives of Robert Burns, Sir Walter Scott and Robert Louis Stevenson with many artifacs used throughout their lives. With free entry don't miss this family attraction. Writers Museum Edinburgh Free Entry Attraction Lady Stair's House Lawnmarket Royal Mile Edinburgh The Writers’ Museum is housed in Lady Stair’s House which was built in 1622. This was originally called Lady Gray’s Close the widow of Lord William Gray who was the wealthiest merchant of the time. After his death the house was sold to the Earl of Stair and the house was renamed after his wife on his death Lady Stair’s House. The Writer’s Museum is dedicated to the lives and work of Scotland’s great literary figures. Rare collections include early editions, manuscripts, portraits, photographs, and personal belongings of Robert Burns, Sir Walter Scott and Robert Louis Stevenson. The Writers' Museum is on two floors with rooms dedicated to each of the famous authors, writers, poets. On the main floor on entry there is busts of the three Robert Burns, Robert Louis Stevenson and Sir Walter Scott. There is a replica of the Scott Monument and many documents, pictures, books and personal items of the three. The Writers' Museum Robert Louis Stevenson Room The Writers' Museum Robert Burns Room The Writers' Museum The Writers' museum is a memorial to the three famous writers who had ties to both Edinburgh and Scotland. Robert Burns Robert Burns was born in Ayrshire on the 25 January 1759 and died in Dumfries on the 21 July 1796 where he is buried in the church close to where he lived. Sir Walter Scott Sir Walter Scott was born in Edinburgh on the 15 August 1771 and died on the 21 September 1832 and is buried in Dryburgh Abbey near his home Abbotsford in the Scottish Borders. Robert Louis Stevenson Robert Louis Stevenson was born in Edinburgh on the 13 November 1850 and died on 3 December 1894 and buried on Mount Vaea, Upolu, Western Samoa. Next | Back to Lawnmarket

Johnston Terrace connects old Edinburgh with the west of Edinburgh by the King's Bridge. Access to the Grassmarket and Castlehill, see all about Edinburgh from your fingertips. About Edinburgh's history and attractions. Johnston Terrace Attractions Edinburgh Johnston Terrace Edinburgh was part of the new developing Edinburgh which linked Old Edinburgh with the new developing area of Tollcross. At the west end of Johnston Terrace is the King’s Bridge which spans King’s Stable Road. Other attractions in Johnston Terrace include the back of the Whisky Experience which was Castlehill School. The southern elevation of the Hub and Granny Green Steps which are in line with the old city wall (Flodden Wall, 1513) and the (King’s Wall, 1450) where you can see the carving on the building, seen below. Castle Wynd North Edinburgh Castle Wynd North Royal Mile Castlehill Edinburgh is a set of steps with housing on the east side that begins at Castlehill next to the Edinburgh Castle Esplanade and ends in Johnston Terrace Edinburgh. The House at the top of Castle Wynd North is Cannonball House which has survived through 3 sieges of Edinburgh Castle in 1650 by Cromwell, in 1689 by William of Orange and by the rebel Jacobite Army in 1745, when General Preston shot Cannon from the Half-moon battery at the rebels a cannonball lodge in the wall and remains there to this day. Castle Wynd South Edinburgh At the foot of the steps of Castle Wynd North directly across the road (Johnston Terrace) is Castle Wynd South, Patrick Geddes Steps and path, which ends at the Grassmarket a pedestrian precinct with bars, restaurants and shops. Celtic Chapel Johnston Terrace Edinburgh Near the top of Castle Wynd South is the Entrance to a hidden Garden and wildlife reserve, where the first Gaelic Chapel once stood, now just ruins. There is also a plaque which can be found on the wall on the south side of Johnston Terrace Edinburgh which is inscribed; EAGLAIS GHAIDHEALACH DHUN – EIDEANN Site of the first GAELIC CHAPEL 1769. Old Edinburgh City Wall The Flodden Wall was joined to the walls of Edinburgh Castle at David's Tower now where the Half-moon Battery stands and continued down to the house at top of Granny Green Steps on Johnston Terrace. The stone tablet with inscription on the wall of the house reads; Erected on a site near the extremity of the ancient town wall built in the reign of James II King of Scots A.D. 1450 for the protection of Edinburgh against invasion. This was replaced by a more secure defensive wall in 1513 the Flodden Wall. The route of which continued down Granny Green steps to the Grassmarket. Link Route of Flodden Wall King's Bridge Johnston Terrace Edinburgh The King's Bridge was built in 1833 as the approach to the new western area of Edinburgh Next - Upper Bow Lawnmarket